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題名 | 微波技術測定稻穀含水率之研究=Study on Measuring Rough Rice Moisture Content by Microwave Technique |
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作者 | 吳柏青; | 書刊名 | 農業機械學刊 |
卷期 | 6:3 1997.09[民86.09] |
頁次 | 頁73-88 |
分類號 | 434.113 |
關鍵詞 | 微波; 稻穀; 含水率; Microwave; Rough rice; Moisture content; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本試驗研究針對微波技術測定稻榖含水率進行測試與評估,以解決農會及廠商收 購高含水率濕設計價及乾燥作樂問題,並深入瞭解其對稻榖含水率測定之準確性、精確性與 其他相關問題。比較微波稻榖含水率測定與AOAC榖物含水率測定之試驗結果,以明瞭微 波稻榖含水率測定之狀態與條件如樣品前處理方式、樣品含水率、稻米樣品種類、樣品重量、 微波功率、乾燥速率、乾燥時間等對含水率測定值之影響。試驗樣品若未加密封覆蓋,會明 顯影響含水率之測定,尤其以高含水率及粉碎樣品更須注意樣品之保存。以含水率28.29% 之粉碎樣品為例,在一分鐘內即可造成約0.3%之量測誤差。微波輸出功率越高,則乾燥時 間越短,重量損失百分比越高。若採用較低之微波輸出功率,即使乾燥時間增加亦無法將樣 品內全部之水份蒸散去除。樣品未經粉碎處理者由於樣品內部水份擴散不易,易產生熱集中 焦黑或膨發現象。微波輸出功率提高時會增加標準差、變異係數及誤差值,亦即會降低含水 率量測之精確性。然而,提高微波輸出功率可縮短乾燥時間,且可降低誤差絕對值,亦即會 提高含水率量測之準確性。樣品重量越重則所需微波乾燥時間越長。由此分析可明瞭,樣品 重量與含水率量測之標準差、變異係數、誤差值無顯著相關,因此樣品重量之大小並不會影 響含水率量測之準確性與精密性。試驗結果顯示以567W之微波輸出功率、4-g樣品重量、 粉碎前處理、7-min乾燥時間之測試條件較能獲得準確之含水率測定值。 |
英文摘要 | This study was to evaluate the technique for the determination of rice moisture content using microwav. The performance of this microwave moisture method were evaluated and compared with the standard AOAC method for determination of rice moisture content. All the experimental variables (i.e. pretreatment methods, initial moisture content, sample weight, variety of grain, microwave power rating, drying rate, drying time) which may affect the determination of moisture content were investigted in this study. The expersample which significantly affect the accuracy and drying time of moisture conmoisture loss. For ground, high moisture content samples without cover, it may cause 0.3% error in just one minute. If higher microwave power rate was used in moisture measurement, the drying time will be shorter, and total weight loss will increase. For un-ground samples at hgig microwave power rate. It may cause burning or puffing or puffing of samples due to low moisture diffusion rate inside the grain kernel. Standard deviation, coefficient of variation. Error value will increase with increasing microwave power rate. Therefore, higher microwave power rate may lower the precision of moisture measurement. Drying time and the absolute value of error will decrease with increasing microwave power rate. This indicated higher microwave power rate may increase the accuracy of moisture measurement. Sample size did not significantly affect standard deviation, coefficient of variation, error value. However, sample size did affect the drying time for the moisture measurement. Nevertheless, a best, accurate, precise testing result can be obtained by using 4-g ground sample, 90% microwave power rate and 7-min drying time. |
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