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| 題 名 | 改良式小型袋式牧草青貯裝填機用於甘蔗尾作業適性試驗 |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 黃清旺; | 書刊名 | 農業工程學報 |
| 卷 期 | 41:1 1995.03[民84.03] |
| 頁 次 | 頁61-72 |
| 分類號 | 434.251 |
| 關鍵詞 | 甘蔗尾; 青貯; 袋式儲放; 青貯機; Sugarcane tail; Silage; Bag storage; Silage machine; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 甘蔗尾一直是機採時的廢棄物,在牧草較缺需尋草源同時,隨蔗尾青割收穫機改良成功而轉成為良質青飼牧草,欲於非產季利用,青貯是唯一之選,配合國內研製完成並在商品化試驗的小型袋式牧草青貯裝填機做適性試驗。經青貯前所做相關物性調查,蔗尾採收後做成分統計,株莖佔69.3%、葉尾為30.4%、其他包括乾葉為0.4%;含水率處理測定在65%~75%間者佔86.1%;細斷長度量計在4 cm以下佔96.7%,均符合青貯要件。 在機械面,經分析安息角與最大靜摩擦角,其關係決定輸送機仰角在52.4~28.6度間,此參數可做為最短的合理輸送路徑及裝填機構板凸輪曲度的設計與作業時仰角調整範圍。 由試驗結果知,PE袋周徑外張率僅1.63%、作業打滑率為2.32%、位移變化量與時間列距迴歸後其R-squared 99.67%,斜率值0.354與平均作業速度0.356 m/sec比對無顯著差異,而青貯袋周徑與背壓關係雖僅有0.65的相關變化,但可知的是在正常使用下,周徑變化可為人工適時操控背壓力的憑藉。至於青貯袋平均填壓密度為605.5 kg/m³ ,填壓比3.4,無汁液滲出,於儲放165日後的品質化性分析,pH值為3.72,以Fileg's Point脂肪酸組成標準點達77點,與過去不同對象物的青貯品質評點77~90間比較無明顯差異,更比一般非袋式青貯且評點低的盤固草與狼尾草高出20~30,此顯示該機作業穩定,同時證實機採蔗尾符合青貯,更說明袋式青貯機械之設計、作業時背壓之設定與適時調整、PE袋選定等是合理可行的。另方面,本機作業袋長可依需要裝置不同的背壓鋼索而得不同袋長的青貯料量,且每公尺袋重0.6 kg,每百斤青貯料之PE袋成本僅0.93元,成本低,污染少。 |
| 英文摘要 | The sugarcane tail is the waste during machine harvesting. When the farmer must find the forage source since lacking of forage, the silage is only one way to support the feeding material for the livestock. The sugarcane tail that was harvested by the cutting machine can be a good feeding forage after ensilaging. This study completed the performance test for the sugarcane tail by a small-bag forage silage feeding machine. The contain analysis of sugarcane tail before ensilage were stem (69.3%), leaf tail (30.4%) and others (0.4%). The other physical properties of sugarcane tail that moisture is between 65%-75%, about 86.1% on total, cutting length less than 4 cm is 96.7%, are satisfied to ensilage. The angle range of elevation for the feeding machine is between 28.6° and 52.4° that was analized from the angle of repose and maximum static friction. Those parameters can be the optimum short transporting path and the optimum design for the plate-cam angle of feeding mechanism. From experimental results, the extension rate of PE bag is 1.63%, the slip rate during operation is 2.32%, the R² for the relationship of displacement change and time series is 99.67%. This is no difference between slop (0.354) and average operation speed (0.356 cm/sec). But the relation of the diameter of PE bag and back pressure only has 0.65 correlation. The average pressing density of bag is 605.5 kg/m³, the pressing rate is 3.4 and no juice was permeated out during feeding process. The ensilaged forage was took out to do quality analysis after 165 days. The result of quality (point=77) observed good quality followed Flieg's point standard. There is no difference that this result compared with the other ensilage forage before. It indicated that machine was suitable to ensilage the sugarcane tail. On the other hand, the ensilaged amount for the different bag-length depends on the back-pressure of different steel wire. The cost of the ensilaged PE bag for 100kg is NT$0.93 dollars under the 0.6kg/m weight. It showed the low cost and no pollution for processing. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。