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題 名 | 碳水化合物添加對稻稈青貯料組成與瘤胃分解率的影響=Effects of Adding Carbohydrates on Composition and Ruminal Degradability of Rice Straw Silages |
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作 者 | 楊价民; 林育安; | 書刊名 | 宜蘭農工學報 |
卷 期 | 16 1998.06[民87.06] |
頁 次 | 頁59-71 |
分類號 | 437.11 |
關鍵詞 | 碳水化合物; 稻稈; 青貯; 瘤胃; 分解率; Carbohydrate; Rice straw; Silage; Rumen; Degradability; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本試驗探討添加不同碳水化合物對稻稈青貯料組成與瘤胃分解特性的影響。稻稈 在稻穀收成之後,立即切碎青貯; 青貯時不添加(對照組)或分別添加(鮮重) 15% 玉米 粉、15% 粉頭、7.5% 蔗糖和 11% 黑糖。 青貯 4 週後,稻稈青貯料的可滴定酸、乾物質( DM )和有機物質含量因碳水化合物的添加而有增加的趨勢( P<0.05 ), 中洗纖維( NDF )和酸洗纖維( ADF )的含量,以及 pH 則呈現降低的趨勢( P<0.05 )。 青貯料的瘤胃 原位( 48 和 72 h ) DM、NDF 和 ADF 消失百分比大致以添加簡單糖類(蔗糖和黑糖)最 高, 添加澱粉類次之,對照組最低( P<0.05 )。 青貯料之間在 DM 快速可分解部分、DM 分解速率、DM 瘤胃有效分解率、以及 DM 和 ADF 試管消失率,一般仍以添加簡單糖類組最 高,而未添加組最低( P<0.05 )。 在含有青貯料的試管中添加 10% 大豆粉與瘤胃微生物 共同培養,DM 和 ADF 的試管消失率比青貯料單獨培養時高( P<0.05 )。大豆粉促進 ADF 消化的作用,在含有簡單糖類的青貯料似乎較在含有澱粉的青貯料為強。添加碳水化合物的 青貯料之試管 pH 較低( P<0.05 ),而添加大豆粉使試管 pH 更為下降( P<0.05 )。本 試驗的結果顯示, 新鮮稻稈青貯時添加碳水化合物,可以降低青貯料的 pH,且提高青貯料 在瘤胃中的分解,而添加簡單糖類的效果似乎優於添加澱粉。 |
英文摘要 | The objective of this study was to investigate effects of adding different carbohydrates at ensiling on composition and ruminal degradability of rice straw silages. Rice straw was ensiled immediately after grain harvesting with 15% corn meal, 15% wheat middling, 7.5% granulated sugar and 11% brown sugar addition (fresh weight basis). After 4 wks of storage, silage titratble acidity, dry matter (DM), and organic matter contents trended to increase with carbohydrates addition as compared to the control silage (P<0.05). However, silage neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and pH trended to decrease (P<0.05). In situ (48 and 72 h) ruminal disappearance of silage DM, NDF and ADF increased due to carbohydrates addition (P<0.05). Ruminal degradation rate and effective degradability of DM were the highest for silage containing brown sugar and the lowest for the control (P<0.05). When silages were incubated with ruminal microorganisms in vitro for 48 h, digestibility of DM and ADF remained higher for straw silages containing carbohydrates. When soybean meal (10%) was added to incubation tubes containing straw silages, DM and ADF disappearance increased (P<0.05), but the increase was greater than the theoretical value. In vitro pH was lower for silages containing carbohydrates than the control (P<0.05), and the presence of soybean meal lowered pH even more (P<0.05). The results from this study indicate that adding carbohydrates to fresh rice straw at ensiling could decrease silage pH and promote silage degradation in the rumen. The effect appeared to be greater for adding sugars than starches. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。