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題名 | 臺灣地區畜產品衛生安全性之研究(第2報):牛乳中抗生素之殘留及消長關係 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 曾弘智; 陳立治; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷期 | 85 1974.03[民63.03] |
頁次 | 頁45-56 |
關鍵詞 | 牛乳; 安全性; 抗生素; 消長; 畜產品; 殘留; 臺灣地區; 衛生; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究係以T.T.C. (2, 3, 5,-Triphenyl-tetrarolium chloride) Test測定臺北市市售鮮乳、煉乳及乳粉等3種乳品抗生素之污染度;以Cylinder-plate method明瞭抗生素經由不同途徑進入乳牛體後,乳汁中殘留與消長之關係,其結果綜述如次: 抽驗222次臺北市市售鮮乳,抗生素污染率已達17.12%,污染情形甚為嚴重,應加重視;共26種廠牌之煉乳及乳粉抗生素T.T.C. Test均屬陰性反應。 應用Cylinder-plate method測定乳汁中抗生素最低敏感度:Penicillin 0.01U./ml;Aureomycin 0.02 μg/ml;Streptomycin 2 μg/ml. 抗生素殘留乳中時,其耐熱性:Penicillin (0.06 U./ml以上) 100℃以上;Streptomycin 70~80℃可被完全破壞。冷藏可促使殘留乳中之抗生素漸漸減少;減壓濃縮則殘留乳中之抗生素含量相對增加。 將Penicillin水劑肌肉注射乳牛後12小時所泌乳汁?殘留抗生素,自96小時後殘留乳中之抗生素便告消失;Streptomycin則在注射後36小時可在乳中出現,自84小時後消失。 將Penicillin軟膏注入乳房後12小時乳中殘留量達高峰,延至36小時急速減少,84小時幾無法測定。倘若乳房右前後兩乳房注入Penicillin軟膏,則左前後兩乳房之乳汁不致污染。 乳牛外傷處塗敷Penicillin軟膏,後12~24小時可測出乳中殘留抗生素,經60小時已無抗生素殘留跡象。 乳牛飼餵Aureomycin後48小時則乳中殘留量高達0.216 μg/ml,延至72小時僅殘留0.003~0.019 μg/ml,低於WHO/FAO 之容許殘留量(0~0.02ppm)。 |
英文摘要 | This research uses the T.T.C. (2, 3, 5,-Triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride) Test in order to study the actual situation of antibiotics in commercial market milk, condensed milk as well as milk powder in Taipei City, and was also an application of the Cylinder-Plate Method to determine the residues and duration of antibiotics in milk, respectively. This will be of considerable interest as reference in improving the quality control of milk in the field of antibiotics. The results of this experiment were summarized as follow: The contaimination of antibitoics in commercial market milk in Taipei City was 17.12%; seven kinds of condensed milk as well as nineteen samples of milk powder were tested for qualification, respectively. The milk proceeded by Cylinder-Plate Method, which could shown the minimum sensitivity of the antibiotics were Penicillin 0.01U./ml; Aureomycin 0.02 μg/ml; Streptomycin 2 μg/ml. Cold storage and condesation of antibiotics in milk susceptible to changes, the former resulted in less residues the latter reulted in opposite term. The Heat-resistance of antibiotics in milk were considerable variation to the levels and sorts of antibiotics, of which the Penicillin was the most stable and Streptomycin in milk was so unstable that heat treatment with 70-80℃ would completely destroy it. The maximum levels of Penicillin could be detected from intramammary infusion milk till 12 hours following infusion, the drop of levels was very sharp till 36 hours. Transfered or migrated of Penicillin from treated udder quarters to untreated quarters did not occur. Penicillin residues could not be detected from intramusculat injection milk till 96 hours following injection; Streptomycin was 84 hours. The maximum levels of Aureomycin could be detected from oral treatment milk till 48 hours following oral, and still could confirm the residues (0.003~0.019 μg/ml), which was under legislative levels (0~0.02ppm), that recommeded to WHO/FAO. |
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