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題名 | 建構接納與支持的班級文化:學前融合班教師促進普通與發展遲緩幼兒互動及人際關係之研究=Creating Caring and Supportive Classroom Culture: Teachers' Use of Strategies to Facilitate Social Relations in Early Childhood Inclusive Programs |
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作者 | 鄒啟蓉; Tsou, Chi-zong; |
期刊 | 特殊教育研究學刊 |
出版日期 | 20040900 |
卷期 | 27 2004.09[民93.09] |
頁次 | 頁19-38 |
分類號 | 529.68 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 融合教育; 學前特殊教育; 班級經營; 班級文化; 社會技巧教學; 對殘障者接納態度; Inclusion; Early childhood education; Classroom culture; Classroom management; Social skill intervention; Attitude towards the handicapped; |
中文摘要 | 本研究探討5個融合班級中10位教師促進普通與特殊幼兒互動與人際關係的看法與作法。研究發現,老師們的融合教育理念包含以下內涵:建立接納與協助的班級文化、認識並尊重自己與他人的獨特性、培養獨立與適應社會的能力以及兼顧不同領域的學習與所有學習者的需求等;老師們並認為上述融合教育的理念,不僅適用於特殊幼兒,也適用於普通幼兒。為了推展融合教育的理念,老師們認為自己的角色很重要且多元,並強調與家長及所有幼兒合作經營班級文化的重要性。教師對普通幼兒的教導強調對個別差異的認識與接納及同理心的培養,他們重視幼兒內在的感受、想法的改變與自發的行為,而不僅是外在的行為表現,使用的方法包括:以身作則、問題討論、角色扮演及故事教學等。對於特殊幼兒的教導,老師強調要一視同仁、培養獨立的能力,在方法上則以隨機教學為主。老師們普遍肯定融合教育對普通與大多數特殊幼兒在人際互動學習上的效果,但是對特殊幼兒其它領域的學習或某些特殊幼兒社會能力成長的成效仍持保留的態度。針對以上結果,研究者認為應重視融合班教師的融合教育理念與態度、教師與家長的合作關係、教師對幼兒引導與教學的品質,並重視外圍支持體系與生態對教師教學的影響。 |
英文摘要 | The main purpose of the study was to understand teachers' use of strategies to create caring and supportive classroom culture in early childhood inclusive programs in Taiwan. Ten teachers in five classrooms were involved in the study. Classroom observations and interviews were done to collect information. It was found that teachers believed that the main purpose of inclusive education is to teach children to accept and respect individual differences, to build a supportive learning community, to help develop independent social problem solving skills and to implement a wide range of curriculum content including the promotion of social understanding. Classroom teachers emphasized teaching emphathy to young children and they used mainly dialogue, discussion, role play and stories to help establish a positive interaction atmosphere in the classroom. As for children with special needs, they emphasized that they should also follow the same classroom rules and learn independent problem solving skills. Parents and peers were recognized as important collaborators in classroom management, however peers were not fully trained and used as resources for teaching in many classrooms and there were variations in the adaptations made for children with special needs. Suggestions were made for practical and research issues. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。