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題 名 | 臺灣續灌水田灌溉系統之水平衡模式=A Water Balance Model of Continuous Irrigation System for Paddy Field in Taiwan |
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作 者 | 簡傳彬; 吳瑞賢; 方文村; | 書刊名 | 農業工程學報 |
卷 期 | 48:1 2002.03[民91.03] |
頁 次 | 頁24-38 |
分類號 | 434.2571 |
關鍵詞 | 回歸水; 水田; 水平衡模式; Return flow; Paddy field; Water balance model; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 臺灣地區近年來由於人口不斷的增加,社會經濟環境的改變及工商業的發達,造成工商業及公共給水等標的對淡水資源之需求大幅增加,加上環境保護及生態保育概念興起,使得未來部份的農業用水將被其他標的移用,致產生農業節水灌溉的需求。因此,如何充分掌握及運用水田回歸水以供灌溉及生態等用水為當前之要務。本研究之目的在建構一個配合水稻田生長期間之灌溉特性,並考慮灌溉水深、晒田排水及水平滲漏量等之水田坵塊之水平衡模式,以達到掌握水田回歸水之目標。桃園農田水利會為臺灣地區中具有回歸水供給之一灌溉系統,因此本研究選擇桃園農田水利會為範例研究區域。經由本研究所建置之水平衡模式,對桃園地區水田之四種土壤以民國88年一期作之氣象資料進行運算,結果顯示砂質壤土之回歸水量為447.3公厘,佔出流量之28%;砂質黏土之回歸水量為401.5公厘,佔出流量之28%;黏質土壤之回歸水量為490.4公厘,佔出流量之35%;輕黏土之回歸水量為533.5公厘,佔出流量之39%。其中之地下回歸水量部份,砂質壤土為94.2公厘,佔消耗水量(不含田區逕流量)之8%;砂質黏土為95.6公厘,佔消耗水量之9%;黏質土壤為103.9公厘,佔消耗水量之10%;輕黏土為107.6公厘,佔消耗水量之11%。 |
英文摘要 | Due to fast increasing population in Taiwan, the industry and domestic water demand is growing at a fast pace. The existing water resources seem not able to cover the increasing need. In the future, part of water for agriculture will be transferred to other sectors, and therefore water conservation for agriculture has to be enforced. One of the most effective ways is to use return flow in the farm. The purpose of this study is to construct a water balance model, in which the irrigation characteristics during rice growing, irrigation water depth, and drainage when drying in the sun are taken into account. In Taiwan, the Taoyuan Irrigation Association (TIA) is of an irrigation system with part of water supply from return flow, and it is chosen to be a study example. The soil in this area has four types: sandy loam, sandy clay, clay soil, and light clay. With the climatologic data at TIA at the first rice term in 1999, the water balance model gives the following results. The return flow for sandy loam is 447.3mm, which is 28% of outflow; sandy clay is 401.5mm, 28%; clay soil is 490.4mm, 35%; light clay is 533.5mm, 39%. Among the return flow, those from subsurface for sandy loam is 94.2mm, which occupies 8% of consumption (field runoff is not included); sandy clay is 95.6mm, 9%; clay soil is 103.9mm, 10%; light clay is 107.6mm, 11%. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。