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題 名 | 臺灣地區淋澱化土的形態特徵與分類=Morphological Characteristics and Classification of Podzolic Soils in Taiwan |
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作 者 | 陳尊賢; 蔡呈奇; | 書刊名 | 土壤與環境 |
卷 期 | 3:1 2000.03[民89.03] |
頁 次 | 頁49-62 |
分類號 | 432.226 |
關鍵詞 | 淋澱化土; 土壤分類; 土壤形態特徵; 淋澱化作用; 黏粒洗入作用; 森林土壤; Podzolic soils; Soil clssification; Morphology characteristics; Podzolization; Clay illuviation; Forest soils; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究蒐集臺灣地區31個代表性之淋澱化土,歸納出四種主要的土壤化育層類型,其土壤分類分別屬於淋澱土綱(Spodosols)、極育土綱(Ultisols)、具變育層之弱育土綱(Inceptisols)與具薄膠層之弱育土綱(Inceptisols)。多為溫和的土壤溫度境況與濕潤、過濕潤或浸水的土壤水份境況。各類型土壤主要化育層之形態特徵與深度、厚度的變化不一,反應出彼此間的土壤性質之差異與環境因子之關,而土壤質地較細為其共同特點,亦反應出其母質的特性。整體而言,在穩定化育之環境下,臺灣地區中高海拔山區土壤的化育作用是以淋澱化作用與黏粒的洗入作用來進行。若有機O層或A層能釋出較多量的有機酸加上顯著的鐵鋁物質淋洗作用,則可生成淋澱土;若僅有顯著的黏粒洗入作用,則可能生成極育土;若生成變育層或生成薄膠層阻礙洗入作用,則可生成弱育土。不同亞綱間的性質差異並不易由土壤的形態特徵來判別。 |
英文摘要 | Thirty-one pedons of podzolic soils were collected from Taiwan for this study. Four major soil genetic types were classified including Spodosols, Ultisols, Inceptisols with Cambic horizon and Inceptisols with placic horizon. The soil temperature regime is mesic and the soil moisture regime includes udic, perudic, and aquic conditions for selected pedons. The mean values of solum depth, thickness of diagnostic horizon, and morphological characteristics of master horizons of four major soil types can be affected by the soil properties and environmental conditions, especially on the characteristics of fine soil texture which was effected by the parent materials. General speaking, podzolization and illuviation of clay are the major pedogenic processes of Podzolic soils under the montane and subalpine forest soils in Taiwan. More organic acids content were released from O or A horizon plus significant leaching, Spodosols can be developed under the illuviation of organic acids and Fe and Al materials released from the O and A horizons. Ultisols can be eveloped under the significant illuviation of clay. Placic horizon will significantly inhibit the illuvation of water and soil materials from upper parts of pedon. Inceptisols can be developed caused by the formation of placic and Cambic horizons. The differences on the soil properties among the Suborders were difficult to differentiate based on the morphological characteristics. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。