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題名 | 土壤有機質分解聚積之穩定趨向研究=Simulations for the Decomposition and Accumulation of Organic Matter in Soils |
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作 者 | 林正錺; 林欣華; 劉慧甄; 陳琦玲; | 書刊名 | 中國農業化學會誌 |
卷期 | 37:3 1999.09[民88.09] |
頁次 | 頁297-305 |
分類號 | 434.22 |
關鍵詞 | 有機質; 轉化; 模擬; 過度分解; Organic matter; Transformation; Simulation; Excessive decomposition; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 土壤有機質之分解與聚積為一動態過程,其轉化機制之解析及穩定趨向之掌,握實為其他各種研究土壤有機質效應問題之基礎。但由於動態過程的解析不容易用於一般性的應用,本報告即針對有機質在土壤環境中分解的過程及腐植質的聚積,就其間可能存在的轉化機制進行穩定與平衡之分析與模擬,並進一步使動態模式轉為線性化代數式,以便於一般性解析應用。作法首先選擇一代表性動態模式分析其系統參數影響分解過程之靈敏性,作為土壤施加有機質之管理參考。其次利用模式矩陣分析其線性轉化特徵,由特徵值研判有機質穩定分解趨向。所得結果顯示:由宏觀尺度分析土壤有機質的聚積,可藉特徵值與特徵向量來預測其平穩特性。動態模擬亦有相同之效果,可為特徵值分析之驗證。根據研究結果,本研究進一步就有機質施加量與穩定後土壤有機質含量之關係,將動態系統組轉為平衡線性代數式,解析提示用以估計農地聚積有機質的合理模式,並應用幾個本土實驗收據說明其間之關係,以為各種以提升有機質含量為目的之參考依據。最後利用動態模式進一步分析出一種由高含量土壤有機質降低至低含量土壤有機質過程中,會顯現的“過度分解”現象。這現象出現在每年施加量不足以維持原來的土壤有機質含量時,其意義有待進一步深入分析。 |
英文摘要 | The decomposition and accumulation of soil organic matter in soil is a dynamic process. To analyze and control the transformational mechanisms has become a fundamental part of the research related to the effects of organic matter in soil. This study focused on the analysis of dynamic processes and the transformation of the dynamic model into algebraic equations. Firstly, we chose a representative dynamic model to carry out sensitivity analysis on system parameters. The purpose was to show how the method could be used to find some key factors for managing the transformation of organic matter in soils. Secondly, we transformed the dynamic model into a transitional matrix and defined an eigenvalue to characterize the stability of the matrix. The eigenvalues served as an index to show the rate of decomposition after the system stabilized. Dynamic simulation confirmed the characteristics of the eigenvalues. Accordingly, the relationship between the annual input and stabilized level of soil organic matter was formulated. Several cases were studied for reference to show how the level of soil organic contents could be improved. Finally, we used the dynamic model to reveal a phenomenum we called "Excessive decomposition". This appeared before stabilization as the levels of soil organic content were degraded because their annual input was insufficient to maintain the original level. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。