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題 名 | 水筒模式與降雨一逕流模擬 |
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作 者 | 李光敦; | 書刊名 | 農業工程學報 |
卷 期 | 39:2 1993.06[民82.06] |
頁 次 | 頁20-28 |
分類號 | 443.1 |
關鍵詞 | 水筒模式; 降雨; 逕流模擬; 降雨逕流模擬; Rainfall-runoff; Tank model; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 長久以來,菅原正巳(Sugawara,1961)所倡議之水筒模式,曾在亞洲地區廣泛地推廣,並獲得普遍地認同。該模式最大的特色,即在其將逕流區分為地表逕流、中間流與地下流三部份加以模擬,而且能得到甚高的模擬精度。 本文首先對水筒模式理論進行分析研究,繼而由土壤水分入滲之觀點,探討在瞬時降雨與連續降雨情況下,水筒模式入滲量之合理問題。進一步由系統工程理論,將直列式水筒模式分解為一組並、串聯線性水庫,而指出該模式對於逕流歷線之模擬,係建立於一連串的減幅(damping)與稽延(lag)作用之上,而並非對逕流中之地表逕流、中間流與地下水流三者,作分別的逕流模擬。文中最後提出依據土壤水份入滲觀點的修正方式,使得水筒模式架構符合將逕流區分為三部份模擬之初始構想,並以石門水庫集水區之水文紀錄作為驗證。 |
英文摘要 | The tank model which was proposed by M. Sugawara (1961) is widely applied in Asia areas and gets highly assessment. The most evident characteristic of tank model is to simulate watershed runoff by the way of separating runoff into three parts, namely: surface runoff, interflow, and groundwater. Firstly, the runoff simulation theory of the tank model is discussed in this study. From the infiltration point of view, the infiltration rates of tank model, under instantaneous rainfall condition and continuous rainfall condition, were examined and analyzed respectively. Secondly, by the theory of system engineering, a series of cascade tanks are transformed into a series of linear reservoirs in parallel and cascade. It provides an evidence that the good simulated performance of tank model is not due to the effect of separating runoff into three parts, but due to the effect of continuous damping and lagging. Finally, a modified computational procedure of tank model is proposed, which is based on a traditional infiltration equation to match the original concept of the tank model. The modified model was verified by runoff records of Shihmen Reservoir Watershed and a profound result was obtained. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。