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題名 | Effect of Soil Moisture, Soil Temperature and Seed-Borne Alternaria Carthami, on Emergence of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)=土壤濕度、土壤溫度和種媒菌Alternaria Carthami對紅花(Carthamus tinctorius L.)種子出苗率之影響 |
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作者 | Mundel,H. H.; Huang,H. C.; Kozub,G. C.; Daniels,C. R. G.; | 書刊名 | Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica |
卷期 | 38:4 1997.10[民86.10] |
頁次 | 頁257-262 |
分類號 | 435.46 |
關鍵詞 | 種媒; 幻苗出苗率; 土壤水勢; 土壤溫度; Alternaria carthami; Carthamus tinctorius; Seed-borne; Seedling emergence; Soil water potential; Temperature; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 本研究測試土壤濕度和土壤溫度對白淨之紅花( Carthamus tinctorius L. cv. Saffire )種子和受到 Alternaria carthami 感染成棕色之紅花種子之幼苗出苗率之影響 。 紅花種子採自田間, 白淨之紅花種子分別採自加拿大 Alberta 之 Lethbridge 和 Manitoba 之 Portage-la-Prairie, 而受感染之棕色紅花種子則僅採自 Manitoba 之 Portage-la-Prairie。 紅花種子種於高壓滅菌土中, 分別以二種土壤濕度(土壤水勢 30 kPa 和 1500 kPa )和五種土壤溫度( 10,15,20,25, 和 30 ℃)處理。來自 Lethbridge 之白淨種子、 Portage-la-Prairie 之白淨種子和 Portage-la-Prairie 之棕色種子受 Alternaria carthami 感染程度分別為 32%、82% 和 96%。當土壤溫度低於 30 ℃時,種子 出苗率以來自 Lethbridge 之白淨種子最高(> 90% ), 其次是 Portage-la-Prairie 之 白淨種子( 75-85% ),而以 Portage-la-Prairie 之棕色種子最低( 50-60% )。土壤濕 度之影響不顯著。種子之來源是影響幼苗出苗率之主因,而土壤濕度和土壤溫度之影響則不 顯著。然而出苗後之腐敗病因土壤溫度升高而增高,且會因土壤濕度加大而增高(在土壤 溫度高於 10 ℃ 時)。 |
英文摘要 | Clean white seeds of safflower, Carthamus tinctorius L. cv. Saffire, from fields in Lethbridge Alberta, Canada and Portage-la-Prairie, Manitoba, Canada and brown seeds infected with Alternaria carthami Chowdhury from Portage-la-Prairie were used to test the effects of soil moisture and temperature on seedling emergence. Seeds were planted in autoclaved soil, at two water potentials (30 kPa and 1500 kPa), and at five temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 ℃ ) and rated for seedling emergence. The Alternaria carthami seeds were 32%, 82%, and 96% infected in the white seeds from Lethbridge, white seeds from Portage-la-Prairie, and brown seeds from Portage-la-Prairies, respectively. For temperatures less than 30 ℃, emergence of seedlings was greatest (>90%) for the white Lethbridge seed; followed by the white Portage-la-Prairie seed (75-85%); with lowest emergence (50-60%) from the brown Portage-la-Prairie seed, over both soil water potentials. While seed source had significant effects on total seedling emergence, temperature and soil water potential did not. However, post-emergence damping-off increased with higher temperature, and its incidence was greater at high soil moisture (with temperatures above 10 ℃). |
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