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題名 | 草種種媒病原真菌於室內之化學與生物防治=Control of Seed-Borne Pathogenic Fungi of Turfgrasses by Fungicides and Antagonistic Microorganisms in Laboratory Tests |
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作者 | 甯順熙; 謝式坢鈺; 陳振盛; Ninq, S. S.; Hsieh, S. P. Y.; Chen, J. S.; |
期刊 | 植物保護學會會刊 |
出版日期 | 19980600 |
卷期 | 40:2 1998.06[民87.06] |
頁次 | 頁133-143 |
分類號 | 433.3 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 草種; 種媒病原真菌; 化學防治; 生物防治; Turf grass; Seed borne pathogenic fungi; Chemical control; Biological control; |
中文摘要 | 本文探討化學藥劑和生物防治製劑對草種種媒病害之防治方法,篩選的八種化學藥劑中,待克利、依滅列和撲克拉對測試種媒真菌皆能達完全防治,但處理藥劑後種子發芽率與無帶菌種子仍有差異,其中以待克利差異最少,依滅列次之,撲克拉較大。帶病原菌種子經溴化甲烷10 g/m�蘆瑪@度處理2小時,殺菌效果不顯著,處理24小時則對種子造成傷害,降低種子發芽率。帶病原菌種子以拮抗菌 Trichoderma sp. 的分生孢子懸浮液(10�� spores/ml)處理,具抑制病原真菌及提高種子發芽率,當Trichoderma sp. 孢子濃度低於10��/ ml時則無防治效果。拮抗細菌為Bacillus megaterium,以#5及#7菌株對 Bipolaris australiensis之抑制效果最好;所有分離株均具抑制Exserohilium rostratum 及Curvularia pallescens之效果。 |
英文摘要 | This paper deals with chemical and biological control of seed borne pathogenic fungi. Among eight fungicides tested, difenoconazole and imazalil were found to be very effective to inhibit three tested seed-borne pathogenic fungi, Bipolaris australiensis, Curvularia pallescens, and Exserohilum rostratum in the laboratory. These two fungicides were also able to eliminate pathogenic fungi infested on bermuda grass seeds, and resulted in significantly better seed germination compared to those seeds without infested with seed-borne pathogenic fungi. fumigation of methyl bromide at rate of 10g/m�� for 2hr was not effective to control the seedborne pathogenic fungi. If duration of treatment extended to 24hr, bermuda grass seeds were also injured. Infested bermuda grass seeds coated with conidial suspension (10�� spores/ml) of Trichoderma sp. isolate TAl increased germination rate. However the spore concentration of antagonistic fungi lower than 10�� spores/ml would not protect the seed from infection. Among the seven isolates of Bacillus megterium tested, isolates # 5 and # 7 had the better antagonistic effect on B. autraliensis. All isolates of B. megterium. were antagonistic to E. rostratum and C. pallescens. |
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