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題名 | Effect of Aqueous Extracts of Crop Residues on Germination and Seedling Growth of Ten Weed Species=作物殘體水浸物對10種雜草種子發芽及幼苗生長之影響 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 黃鴻章; | 書刊名 | Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica |
卷期 | 38:2 1997.04[民86.04] |
頁次 | 頁131-139 |
分類號 | 434.4 |
關鍵詞 | 植物相生相剋作用; 相生相剋; 油菜; 扁豆; 燕麥; Allelochemical activity; Allelopathy; Bromus tectorium; Canola; Descurainia sophia; Lentil; Oat; Thlaspiarvense; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
英文摘要 | 室內培養皿及田間試驗顯示前作油菜或扁豆植株殘體對後作小麥有害,此種前後 作相剋現象也在一般農田發生,尤其是留存於收割幾後之莖葉集中地帶更為明顯。一般農民 均將前作油菜或扁豆莖桿均勻散佈於田間以免造成對後作之小麥生長造成不良的影響。室內 研究發現 6 種供試作物中, 扁豆、燕麥、 油菜及大麥莖桿水浸物對 flixweed,stinkweed 及 downy brome 等三種雜草的種子發芽與生長抑制現象比對小麥的毒性強, 此三種雜草是 加拿大小麥田的主要一年生雜草,通常在免耕冬小麥田必須於晚秋或早春使用除草劑來防治 這些雜草,本研究顯示應用油菜、扁豆、燕麥及大麥莖桿殘體對雜草相剋作用,或有可能在 免耕直播的冬小麥栽培體系裡減低除草劑的使用,這 6 種作物殘體對其他 7 種雜草無顯著 毒害。 ation and seedling growth of ten weeds common in western Canada. Extracts of lentil (Lens culinaris Medic), oat (Avena sativa L.) canola (Brassica napus L.), and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) were more toxic to flixweed (Descurainia sophia L. Webb), stinkweed (Thlaspi arvense L.), and down brome (Bromus tectorum L.) than extract of canola was to wheat. The greater toxicity of these crop residues to flixweed, stinkweed, and downy brome than to wheat may permit selective management of these weeds in wheat. Fliweed, stinkweed, and downy brome are major winter annual weeds in winter wheat and usually require late fall or early spring herbicide treatments in no-tillage systems. Therefore, residues of canola, lentil, oat and barley have potential for reducing herbicide use in winter wheat production and in no-tillage direct seeding farming systems. Crop extracts were not toxic enough to affect the growth in the field of seven other weeds in this study. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。