頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 抗緊迫豬群之種豬生長性能與背脂厚度=Growth Performance and Backfat Thickness of Pigs From a Halothane-Negative Population |
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作 者 | 高瑞娟; 張秀鑾; 賴永裕; 吳松鎮; 吳明哲; | 書刊名 | 中國畜牧學會會誌 |
卷期 | 26:1 1997.03[民86.03] |
頁次 | 頁23-36 |
分類號 | 437.653 |
關鍵詞 | 豬; 品種; 生長; 飼料效率; 背脂; 體表型相關; Pig; Breed; Growth; Feed efficiency; Backfat; Phenotypic correlation; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 臺灣省畜產試驗所核心種豬場利用仔豬鹵乙烷測試技術,篩除緊迫基因後並選育 成抗緊迫豬群, 其於 1994 年 1 月至 1996 年 2 月之間完檢的豬隻,按藍瑞斯( L )、 約克夏( Y )和杜洛克( D )種,以及不同性別,分別計算檢定性能,並分析檢定性狀間 之體表型相關和三點背脂厚薄比。 開檢體重約為 30 kg,完檢體重公豬約為 110 kg,而女 豬約為 90 kg。共計有 486 頭 L、378 頭 Y 和 417 頭 D 公豬,以及 1491 頭 L、659 頭 Y 和 558 頭 D 女豬完檢。完檢體重達到時,分別於第五肋、最後肋和最後腰椎處的背部以 超音波探測器量測背脂厚度。三點背脂厚度之平均公豬達亦矯正到固定體重供體表型相關析 。檢定期間的日增重在 L、Y、D 公豬分別為 997 ± 5、952 ± 5 和 921 ± 5, 在L、Y 、D 女豬分別有 768± 2、 740 ± 3 和 751 ± 4 g,品種間差異顯著 (P<.05)。公豬 飼料效率依序為 2.42 ± .01、 2.49 ± .01 和 2.55 ± .01,品種間差異亦顯著 (P<.0 5)。達 90 kg 體重的日齡在 L、Y、D 女豬分別是 158.5、162.3 和 162.2天,而公豬達 110 kg 體重的日齡亦依序為 157.5、163.3 和 168.0 天, 顯示出公豬的生長速率悚且品 種差異明顯( P<.05 )。三點背脂厚度之平均在 L、Y、D 公豬 110 kg 體重時分別為 1. 71 ± 0.1 、1.91 ± 0.1 和 1.84 ± 0.1 cm,而在 L、Y、D 女豬 90 kg 體重時分別有 1.45 ±.01、1.70 ±.01 和 1.65 ±.01 cm 厚。背脂三點厚薄比之分析結果,公豬之最 後肋和最後腰椎處背脂厚度分別為第五肋背脂厚度的 0.52 ±.04 和 0. 64 ±.06 倍厚 , 而女豬之最後肋和最後腰椎處背脂厚度分別為第五肋背脂厚度的 0.50 ±. 05 和 0. 62 ±.06 倍厚。 D公豬飼料效率與日增重呈負相關( R=-.30 ),與第五肋背脂厚度( r=.16)和最後肋背脂厚度 ( r=.11)呈正相關,與最後腰椎處背脂厚度則相關不顯著 ( r=.06, P>.06 )。 L 和 Y 品種豬隻檢定性狀間之體表型相關雷同於 D 品種,但均 具顯著性相關。 |
英文摘要 | A porcine stress-free herd was established after using the halothane test on piglets at National Swine Nuclear Herd of Taiwan Livestock Research Institute for eliminating the gene associated with the porcine stress syndrome in 1993. Growth performance off-test pigs from the stress-free herd during the period from January of 1994 to February of 1996 were used to compare the growth traits among Landrace (L), Yorkshire (Y), and Duroc (D) breeds. The study also presented phenotypic correlations among traits within breed and sex. A frequency analysis on ratios of backfat thickness measured at three positions was conducted for evaluating the fat deposition. A database containing 486 L, 378 Y, and 417 D boars, and 1,491 L, 659 Y, and 558 D which had gilts completed the growth performance test from 30 to 90 kg of body weight in gilts and from 30 to 110 kg in boars was used in this study. Off-test pigs were ultrasonically measured at the fifth rib, the last rib, and the last lumbar vertebra for the backfat thickness. Average backfat thickness of three measurements at three positions was adjusted to a fixed body weight for phenotypic correlation analysis. Average daily gains of L, Y, and D boars from 30 to 110 kg of body weight were 997 ± 5, 952 ± 5, and 921 ± 5g, respectively. Average daily gains from 30 to 90 kg were 768 ± 2, 740 ± 3, and 751 ± 4 g in L, Y, and D gilts, respectively. Breed difference in average daily gain within sex was significant (P<.05). Feed efficiencies (Feed/Gain) were 2.42 ±.01, 2.49 ±.01, and 2.55 ±.01 for L, Y, and D boars, respectively, with a significant breed difference (P<.05). Age at 90 kg of body weight in L, Y and D gilts required 158.5, 162.3 and 162.2 days to reach which were similar to age at 110 kg of body weight in L, Y and D boars with 157.5, 163.3 and 168.0 days to reach. It indicated that boars grew faster than gilts did (P<.05). Average backfat thickness for L, Y and D boars at 110 kg of body weigth were 1.71 ±.01, 1.91 ± .01 and 1.84 ±.01 cm. There were 1.45 ± .01, 1.70 ± .01 and 1.65 ± .01 cm of backfat thickness for L, Y and D gilts at 90 kg of body weight. Analysis on rat io of backfat thickness at three positions revealed that last-rib backfat and la st-lumbar backfat was 0.52 ± 0.4 and 0.64 ± .06 fold to fifth rib backfat in b oars, respectively. In gilts, there were 0.50 ± .05 and 0.62 ± .06 fold for la st-rib backfat and last-lumbar backfat to fifth-rib backfat. There was a negative correlation (r=-.30) between feed efficiency and average daily gain in D boars but feed efficiency was positively correlated with fifth-rib backfat (r=.06, P<.06). Phenotypic correlations among growth traits in L and Y breeds were similar to D boars, but coefficients were significant. |
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