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| 題 名 | 有機質肥料對甜椒生長與產量之影響 |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 謝慶芳; 徐國男; | 書刊名 | 臺中區農業改良場研究彙報 |
| 卷 期 | 42 1994.03[民83.03] |
| 頁 次 | 頁1-10 |
| 分類號 | 434.231 |
| 關鍵詞 | 有機質肥料; 微生物; 甜椒; 產量; 品質; 病害; Organic manures; Microorganisms; Sweet pepper; Yield; Quality; Diseases; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 本試驗是在彰化縣大村鄉台中區農業改良場農場一處粘板岩沖積砂質 壤土進行。全部試驗計有下列六個處理按照逢機完全區集排列重複四次:A:化 肥區,B:豬糞堆肥添加微生物區,C:雞糞堆肥添加微生物區,D:微生物油粕 肥區,E:微生物稻殼油粕肥區,F:微生物稻草油粕肥區。化肥區N-P2O5- K2O用量為150-120-150kg/ha,按照推薦方法使用並使用化學農藥萬綠三次, 有機肥區按照每公頃150kg氮素計算各有機肥使用量,不用化學農藥而只噴射糖 醋液三次。甜椒品種為福瀾銘星6號,於9月25日播種,10月27日移植,12 月29日開始採收到1月15日止,其餘部分都予放棄。試驗結果顯示,任何一種有機 肥添加微生物處理之甜椒株高、果粒大小、果粒數、果實產量都極顯著增加,其中 雞糞堆肥添加微生物區之產量增加77%,為所有處理當中最高的。上述甜椒株高、 果實大小、果粒數和產量之極顯著增加顯然是有機肥與微生物之聯合效果。甜椒 果實之化學分析結果,發現所有有機肥添加微生物處理果實之鐵含量顯著減少, 而錳含量則呈極顯著減少,似有損失營養元素之虞,但對人體不利元素,鈉和鎳 也極顯著減少,果實較大,都是對果實品質有利因素,所以從果實外觀與營養安全 性觀點而言,有機肥區甜椒之品質應屬較好,也就是施用有機肥添加微生物有改善 果實品質之效果。病害方面,所有有機肥添加微生物處理之根腐病都顯著減少, 軟腐病也有減少傾向,而毒素病則有增加傾向,但其差異都未達到顯著水準。 |
| 英文摘要 | This experiment was conducted in a slate alluvial sandy loam soil in the farm of Taichung District Agricultural Improvement Station at Tatsuen, Changhua. The whole experiment consisted of the following six treatments arranged under randomized complete block design with four replications: (A)chemical fertilizers only (control). (B)hog manure compost added with microorganism. (C)chicken manure compost added with microorganism. (D)microbialized oil refuse. (E)microbialized oil refuse with rice hull. (F)microbialized oil refuse with rice straw. In treatment A, chemical fertilizers at the rates of 150-120-150kg/ha of N-P2O5-K2O was applied as the common recommended way, and a pesticide, Benlate, was sprayed for three times during the whole growing period. In the other 5 organic treatments, the amounts of manures were applied based on the same rate of 150kg/ha of nitrogen calculated in accordance with the nitrogen contents of individual manures, and three sprays of sugar- vinegar solution were applied instead of chemical pesticides. The results showed that the plant height, fruit size, fruit number, and fruit yield in all organic treatments were all very significantly higher than that of the chemical treatment; among them the yield of the plot of chicken manure compost with microorganism increased for 77% was the highest. Apparently this very significant increases in plant growth and yield was the combined effect of organic manures and the added microorganism. Significantly lower iron content, and very significantly lower manganese content in the fruit of organic treatments suggested that it had the tendency to lose the nutrient of iron and manganese, however as the unfavorable metallic elements, sodium and nickel were both very significantly lower and fruit size were bigger in all organic treatments, it may say the organic sweet pepper is better in quality from the view point of their nutrient safety and outside appearance. As to the diseases, the affected plants by phytophthora blight was significantly lower in organic treatments than in chemical treatment. The affected rate of soft rot also tended to be lower, and the virus chlorosis tended to be higher in organic treatments than in chemical treatment, but both of them were not statistically significant. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。