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題 名 | 發展專家系統殼層以診斷高中生對直流電路的概念結構 |
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作 者 | 辛弘毅; 陳瓊森; 孫家麟; | 書刊名 | 科學教育 |
卷 期 | 5 1994.05[民83.05] |
頁 次 | 頁95-115 |
分類號 | 523.73337 |
關鍵詞 | 直流電路; 高中生; 專家系統; 診斷; 概念結構; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究的主要目的,是要從解概念題的角度,談計一套結構嚴謹、包 含操作性問題與開放式說明理由問題之二段式紙筆測驗,再輔以結構化個別晤 談,來探查學生對直流電路概念結構的模型,並且進一步探究學生運用那些核心 概念或邊際概念於簡單直流電路的解題,再轉換成診斷型的專家系統之雛型。在 本研究中,學生對直流電路的有關概念可以視為一個完整的概念結構,有其完整 性,學生應用其概念結構中的各個概念模組來解決各種不同類型的直流電路試 題。學生對直流電路的概念結構,可以分成三大類型: 1.電池提供固定電壓型, 2. 電池提供固定電流型, 3.電池提供固定電壓電流混合型。為了幫助教師能迅速 且有效地診斷學生的迷思概念,及更進一步區分學生的堅固中心想法與想法的保 護地帶,作為教授新課程式補救教學的依據,研究者綜合人工智慧、認知學習理 論、建構主義的知識論,發展出適合於課堂上使用的診斷工具,即「診斷型的專 家系統殼層,它也是智慧型電腦輔助教學系統的雛形。此專家系統主要由兩大部 分組成: 1.由訓練範例產生規則的學習系統; 2.擷取學生知識的適性測驗系統。 |
英文摘要 | The purpose of the study is to develop a well-structured, paper-pencil test,consisting of operational questions and open-ended questions which ask students todescribe their reasonings.ln conjuction with the use of interview, the study istrying to identify students' conceptual models for the direct current circuits,and further more, to search for students' core and marginal concepts for solvingproblems regarding direct current circuits. Finally, a diagnostic expert system isdeveloped based on the written test. he results of this study indicate that most students possessan integratedconceptual models with regard to direct current circuits, i.e. they applied theirmodel to solve a variety of questions in the test. Three types of students' conceptualmodels were identified:(1)the battery providing constant voltage model.(2)the battery providing constant current model.(3)the battery providing constant voltage or constant electric current odel depending on the contest. n order to help school teachers effectively identify students'conceptual structuresregard the direct current circuits, a prototype of intelligent computer assistingteaching system named "Diagnostic Expert System Shell" was developed. The expert systemis consists oftwo parts:(1)the learning system which generalizes rules from training examples.(2)the adaptive testing system which acquiring students' knowledge. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。