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| 題 名 | 光電式蔬果大小選別裝置之研究(2):陣列式光電晶體之應用 |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 楊棧雲; 馮丁樹; 陳世銘; | 書刊名 | 農業工程學報 |
| 卷 期 | 36:2 1990.06[民79.06] |
| 頁 次 | 頁17-31 |
| 分類號 | 434.251 |
| 關鍵詞 | 光電; 光電式; 陣列式; 晶體; 蔬果; 選別; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 非破壞性檢定技術在農業上之應用,目前在國內已有相當程度之發展。無論用光譜之特性或影像之分析,均可作為判斷蔬果大小及品質之方式。由於微處理機技術之發展,此類裝置不但具實用性,而且成本亦不會很高。本研究之目的即在利用光電及微處理機之判斷能力,進行辨識蔬果之大小。就蔬果大小之影像高度及投影面積,分別作成指標,以進行分級作業。 整個量測系統係以兩排垂直緊密相接的光感測元件──紅外線發光二極體及光電晶體,在蔬果通道兩側對稱裝置,作成陣列式排列。一排為發光體,另一排為光接收體,藉水果遮斷發射源光線訊號的多寡作判斷。訊號取得後以一Z80微處理機作為資料的處理和程式控制。 對於光線照射時產生扇形散射之問題,傳統上均採用價格昂貴而製作精密的透鏡組以產生平行光源。本研究則採用價廉而易得的紅外線發光二極體(IRED),搭配微處理機之軟體技術,以克服此種散射或漫射諸問題。其結構因而變成相當簡易,成本亦較低。 本試驗中,曾利用已知高度和面積的保麗龍球和壓克力方板進行軟體的校正和測試。在高度方面,經對同一高度樣品量測25次,標準試差係數為2.34%,其解析精度達5mm。對投影面積掃描計數偵測值而言,其誤差則較大。主要是在目前裝置上量測時,仍無法控制皮帶速度的變動。隨輸送皮帶速度減慢,其面積之誤差值降低,實驗並顯示面積計數值與皮帶速度之線性程度良好,其R2決定因數達0.975。 |
| 英文摘要 | A non-destructive method using array phototransistors for the sorting of fruits and vegetables has been fully examined in this study, in order to develop a low-cost and practical system to improve the grading operations. Fruits and vegetables are both delicate materials, and can be sized by their heights or projection areas. With these two factors involved, sizing devices were built and experiments were conducted in laboratory to study the significance of the sizing indexes. The device consists of two symmetrical rows of photo emittersensor pairs across a moving belt which carries the sizing objects along. As a fruit or vegetable passes by, its height is determined by counting the number of light beams that are interrupted. In testing of objects with known heights, the error in heights was 2.34% and the resolution was about 5mm. The measurement of projection area was found less stable than that for heights due to the variations in the belt speed. However, the result was improved as the belt speed decreased. The area counting value showed a perfect linear relation to belt speed with an averaged R2 of 0.975. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。