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題 名 | 臺灣原生花臉香蘑(Lepista sordida (Fr.) Singer)之馴化=Domestication of Native Lepista sordida (Fr.) Singer in Taiwan |
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作 者 | 李瑋崧; 呂昀陞; 吳宗諺; 蔡淑珍; 陳美杏; | 書刊名 | 臺灣農業研究 |
卷 期 | 63:3 2014.09[民103.09] |
頁 次 | 頁216-224 |
分類號 | 435.29 |
關鍵詞 | 花臉香蘑; 堆肥; 馴化; Lepista sordida; Compost; Domestication; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 花臉香蘑["Lepista sordida" (Fr.) Singer]為一極珍貴之食藥用菇種,因其栽培的困難度高,現今尚無商業化栽培。本研究自台灣中部地區蒐集4個野生花臉香蘑菌株進行馴化培養,經比較溫度和培養基對於供試菌株生長之影響,結果顯示以24-28℃最適合菌絲之生長。在測試的5種培養基中,供試菌株均以在堆肥培養基上的菌絲生長最快,而以馬鈴薯葡萄糖洋菜瓊脂和麥芽酵母粉抽出物洋菜培養基上之菌落紫色較深。進一步利用洋菇稻草堆肥進行栽培,供試菌株皆可順利出菇,其中以菌株LS-5出菇最快,從覆土到出菇採收的時間為22.5 d,其次是LS-7需要25.3 d,LS-11出菇最慢,需要73 d。而產量則以LS-2最高,平均產量為2.6 kg框^(-1)(每框15 kg堆肥),生物效率43%,LS-11的產量最差,生物效率僅有3.4%。分析4個菌株子實體的總多醣、總多酚和總花青素之含量,總多醣含量LS-2、LS-5和LS-7三菌株約為13%,明顯高於LS-11菌株的8.76%;然總多酚含量和總花青素含量均以LS-11最高,分別為14.00 mg g^(-1)乾重和0.563 mg g^(-1)乾重。本研究所開發之花臉香蘑量產技術已達商業化水準,且所生產之花臉香蘑具有良好的生理機能成分,未來可進一步將花臉香蘑子實體開發作為保健產品之用。 |
英文摘要 | "Lepista sordid" (Fr.) Singer is an important edible and medicinal mushroom. Due to its difficulty of cultivation, it has not been produced commercially. Four strains of "L. sordida" collected from central Taiwan were evaluated for their optimum mycelial growth temperature, and growth media, yield, biological efficiency and bioactive compounds of fruiting bodies. In relation to the growth temperature, results showed that 24-28℃ was the most suitable temperature range for mycelial growth of these four strains of "L. sordid". Among the five media tested, mycelia of all the four strains grew fastest on compost extract medium, but the purple color of colony was darker on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and malt and yeast agar (MYA). Furthermore, these four stains were spawned in indoor compost and produced fruiting bodies successfully. Strain LS-5 fruited earliest, taking 22.5 d from casing to the 1st harvest, followed by LS-7 and LS-11 strains, taking 25.3 d and 73.0 d, respectively. Strain LS-2 was the most productive one with the highest yield of 2.6 kg pot^(-1) (with 15 kg compost) and a biological efficiency of 43%, while the yield of the strain LS-11 was the lowest with a biological efficiency of only 3.4%. In order to compare the bioactive compounds existed in the fruiting bodies of the four strains, the total contents of polysaccharides, phenols and anthocyanins were analyzed. Results showed that the contents of total polysaccharides in the strain LS-2, LS-5 and LS-7 were significantly higher than that of the strain LS-11. However, the total content of both phenols and anthocyanins in the strain LS-11 were higher than those of the other three strains (14.00 mg g-1 dry weight and 0.56 mg g^(-1) dry weight, respectively). Because the yield of the strain LS-2 has reached the level of commercial production and it contains a relative amount of bioactive compounds in its fruiting bodies, this mushroom strain would have the potential to be cultivated on a commercial scale and used as the source for the exploitation of functional supplements in the near future. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。