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題 名 | 高溫放線菌之纖維素酶活性及對稻草堆肥品質之影響=Cellulase Activity of Thermophilic Actinomycetes and Their Effect on the Quality of Rice Straw Compost |
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作 者 | 詹峰順; 黃景軍; 陳國樹; 楊盛行; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷 期 | 185 1999.03[民88.03] |
頁 次 | 頁58-71 |
分類號 | 434.231 |
關鍵詞 | 高溫放線菌; 稻草堆肥; 纖維素分解酵素; C/N比; 發芽率; 腐熟度; Thermophilic actinomycete; Rice straw compost; Cellulase; C/N ratio maturity; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究由果菜市場廢棄物和農產廢棄物稻草、稻殼和玉米穗軸之小型堆肥箱及中型 堆肥槽中分離 2622 個高溫菌,經生長測定、纖維素分解酵素活性、澱粉分解酵素活性、蛋 白質分解酵素活性和抗菌活性測定後, 選取生長較快和酵素活性較高之放線菌分離菌株 1 號及 71-1 號。 在液態培養中,分離菌株 1 號之內切型纖維素分解酵素較分離株 71-1 號 高。 而外切型纖維素分解酵素、β - 葡萄糖��分解酵素和濾紙分解酵素在培初期,以分離 株 71-1 號比 1 號略高,而培養六天後,則兩者之差異不顯著。 在固態培養中,分離株 1 號之纖維素分解酵素、蛋白質分解酵素、澱粉分解酵素和抗菌活性之透明圈或抗菌圈,與 菌落大小之比值,皆比分離株 71-1 號高。在稻草堆肥製作過程中,發現基質經殺菌後再接 種高溫放線菌,會延長堆肥腐熟時間和降低肥料品質。當在未經殺菌處理之堆肥基質中,接 種高溫放線菌時, 分離株 1 號對堆肥粗灰份含量、總氮含量、固定態氮含量和苜蓿籽發芽 率之提高皆較分離株 71-1 號大。而對基質總有機碳含量和 C/N 比則反是。 可見高溫放線 菌分離菌株 1 號對堆肥品質之提升和縮短堆肥料腐熟時間皆較分離株 71-1 號優。 綜上所 述,在堆肥製作過程中,接種適當之高溫放線菌對堆肥製作有正面之成效,具應用上之潛力 。 |
英文摘要 | Thermophilic microbes were isolated from the compost of the mixture of vegetable-market waste, corncob, rice straw and rice hull. 2622 colonies were picked up and incubated at 50 ℃ for the measurements of growth rate, cellulolytic, amylolytic, proteolytic and antimicrobial activities. Among them 2 isolates of actinomycetes were chosen for this study. In submerged culture, isolate No.l had higher endo-1,4- β -glucanase activity than isolate No.71-l. Exo-l,4- β -glucanase, β -glucosidase and filter paper activity were high in isolate No.71-l at the early growth stage, but these enzymes activities had no significant difference between isolates No.l and No.71-l at the late growth stage. In solid-state culture, the isolate No.l had higher ratio of enzymatic clear zone to colony size than isolate No.71-l. During 20 days compost preparation, sterilization of raw materials reduced the quality of compost and elongated the duration of matu-rity. In addition, compost inoculating with isolates No.l and No.71-l increased the crude ash content, total nitrogen content, immobilized nitrogen content and germination percent of alfalfa, but reduced the total organic content and C/N ratio. Effect of isolate No.l on the quality of compost was higher than that of isolate No.71-1. Therefore, appropriate inoculation of thermophilic actinomycetes in compost preparation can reduce the period of maturation and improve the quality of compost. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。