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| 題 名 | 敷蓋及有機質肥料施用方式在不同季節對土壤性質及胡瓜生長之影響=Effect of Mulching and Organic Fertilizer Application on Soil Properties and Growth of Cucumber in Different Seasons |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 江衍國; 王鐘和; | 書刊名 | 台灣農學會報 |
| 卷 期 | 13:3 2012.06[民101.06] |
| 頁 次 | 頁279-295 |
| 分類號 | 435.263 |
| 關鍵詞 | 敷蓋方法; 有機質肥料; 季節; 土壤性質; 胡瓜; Mulching method; Organic fertilizer; Season; Soil quality; Cucumber; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 本研究探討敷蓋稻草(MS)、塑膠布(MP)或無敷蓋(MCK)處理及有機質肥料(牛糞肥)施用方式(採全量當基肥一次施用(AT)或基肥施50%用量,另施追肥 25% 用量兩次(AS))對土壤性質及胡瓜生長與產量之影響。試驗結果顯示MS與MP兩種敷蓋處理之土壤水分含量均較對照區高,亦有顯著的雜草抑制效果。敷蓋塑膠布處理可明顯提升土壤溫度,日均溫比無敷蓋處理增加2.31℃;而敷蓋稻草處理則於土壤日最高溫超過 27.6℃以上時,有顯著的隔熱效果,日最低溫則隨著土壤溫度越低其保溫的效果越佳,土壤日均溫於土壤溫度超過27℃時,顯著降低土壤溫度,而低於27℃時,則可顯著保溫。兩季節下敷蓋塑膠布均使土溫劇烈變動,導致產量較無敷蓋處理減產22%,亦較敷蓋稻草處理低57%。收穫期土壤pH值、EC值、無機態氮含量、有機質含量、有效磷含量及交換性鉀、鈣、鎂含量大致以AT處理區高於AS處理區。土壤無機態氮含量、有效磷含量及交換性鉀、鈣含量較高者,其植體氮、磷、鉀與鈣濃度亦較高。AT與AS兩處理之胡瓜產量無顯著差異。 |
| 英文摘要 | The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of mulching with plastic sheet (MP) or straw (MS) and applying organic fertilizer (cattle manure compost) on soil properties and the growth of cucumber. Organic fertilizer was applied either at 100% or at 50% as a basal fertilizer with two equal top dressings; AT and AS. The results showed that the soil moisture content after MP and MS were both higher than that of the control (without mulching, MCK), while fresh weights of weed were significantly lower than that of the control. MP increased significantly the soil temperature and the daily mean temperature compared with that of the control plot, while MS decreased significantly the soil temperature when the daily maximum temperature exceeded 27.6 C. Furthermore, when the daily minimum temperature was lower than 27 C, MS did not result in significant changes in temperature. Plots undergoing MP showed wide variations in soil temperature in both crop seasons, leading to low yield of cucumber, compared with plots undergoing MCK (22% lower) and MS (57% lower) treatments. Soil pH, EC, organic matter content, inorganic N content, available phosphorous and exchangeable potassium, calcium, magnesium content in AT-treated plots were all higher than those of AS-treated plots at the end of the harvesting stage. The concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium in the cucumber plant were positively correlated with soil inorganic N, available P, exchangeable K and Ca content of soil. There was no significant difference in cucumber yield between AT and AS treatments. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。