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題名 | 跨文化改編的「務頭」:以「莎戲曲」為例=On Cross-cultural Adaptation: The Examples of "Shake-Xiqu" |
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作者姓名(中文) | 陳芳; | 書刊名 | 戲劇學刊 |
卷期 | 10 2009.07[民98.07] |
頁次 | 頁149-171 |
分類號 | 982.6 |
關鍵詞 | 莎戲曲; 跨文化改編; 當代戲曲; 莎士比亞; Shake-Xiqu; Cross-cultural adaptation; Contemporary Chinese opera; Shakespeare; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 跨文化改編,是當代戲曲光譜中一道相當炫麗的色彩。至今已有至少十六個劇種,演出過十餘部莎劇。這些在戲曲舞臺上所呈現的莎劇,本文暫且名之曰「莎戲曲」。就改編策略言,不拘「中國化」或「西洋化」,其實都會面臨文化移轉、文本互涉、人物設定、語言改寫、程式表演等尷尬的困境。尤其因為莎劇好用複線結構、兩面手法、反諷、遊戲文字、雙關語、無韻詩......等來建構劇本的文義格局,更增加戲曲改編的難度。而戲曲因應劇種特色亦自有一套既定的文本與演出總譜。所以,進行跨文化改編時,必須留心重要的關鍵點──「務頭」。本文即擬從以下五個面向:文化的移轉、劇種的特性、情節的增刪、語言的對焦、程式的制約,對舉原著與改編本的某些例證,以展開論述。目的則是提供一個關於跨文化改編的思考方向,期能有助於改編的實務運作。 |
英文摘要 | Cross-cultural adaptation is a splendid accomplishment in the realm of contemporary Chinese music theatre. Up to 1999, there have been 11 Shakespeare's plays adapted into 16 theatric genres. In early 2000's, "Shake-Xiqu", cross-cultural adaptation of operatic Shakespeare in Chinese, had blooming development. There are three kinds of adaptation in Chinese opera based on Shakespeare's plays: 1) Adaptation in a Chinese style. 2) Adaptation in an occidental style. 3) To perform the Shakespearean play in English but in the form of Chinese opera. In terms of the former two, the adaptation always involves the difficulties of cultural transfer, cross-reference of the texts, character design, language translation and the conventionalization of performance. In particular, Shakespeare was so good at the arrangement of complex structure, double cross, irony, word play, equivoque and blank verse that would increase the difficulty of adaptation into Chinese opera. The conventionalization of performance, including script, modeling, acting, language, music and dance, is the element of Chinese opera. Therefore, the adaptation of Shakespeare's plays will inevitably concern the conventionalization of performance, so as to present the refinement, symbolism, imagination and visualization of Chinese opera on the stage. Wu-Tou, literally means "thecrucial components", is the key point of composition for the Chinese opera. This article outlines the following crucial components to adapt Shakespeare's plays into Chinese opera : 1) cultural transfer; 2) the characteristics of theatric genre; 3) modification of the original story; 4) the focus of language; 5) the constraint on conventionalization of performance. This writer tries to balance the characteristics between Shakespearean plays and the Chinese opera for adaptation by these crucial components, and to provide a useful approach to cross-cultural adaptation. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。