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題名 | 即溶杭菊加工技術之研究=Study on the Processing Techniques of Instant Chrysanthemum |
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作者姓名(中文) | 孫憲虹; 史宏財; | 書刊名 | 桃園區農業改良場研究彙報 |
卷期 | 43 2000.12[民89.12] |
頁次 | 頁20-27 |
分類號 | 435.6 |
關鍵詞 | 杭菊; 萃取; 噴霧乾燥; 載體; Chrysanthemum; Extraction; Spray drying; Carrier; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究從最適杭菊用量、不同萃取方法、噴霧乾燥之條件探討即溶杭菊之加工製造,結果顯示以雙重鍋100℃開放式萃取或是以高壓殺菌華進行之100℃密閉式萃取,其全可溶性固形物含量均隨杭菊用量的增加而增加,分別為0.3-3.2°Brix及0.2-2.6°Brix,回收率則隨杭菊用量的增加反而降低,分別為30.50-51.63%及30.73-41.88%,兩種萃取方式之水和杭菊比例均以50:1為最適當。不同萃取方法所得全可溶性固形物、回收率之相對關係為開放式萃取〉迴流式萃取〉密閉式萃取:開放式萃取與迴流式萃取以100℃萃取20分鐘之處理最佳,密閉式萃取在120℃萃取10分鐘就有最高的杭菊回收率。不同萃取方法對色澤之影響為萃取時間增加時,代表萃取液外觀亮度的L值降低,代表萃取液紅色度之a值相對升高,代表萃取液黃色度之b值則變化不大。 將全可溶性固形物為10.0°Brix之杭菊濃縮液,於不同之噴霧乾燥釜溫下進行噴霧乾燥,結果顯示即溶杭菊之回收率在26.2-40.2%間,其隨釜溫之增高而增加,但最適當之釜溫以160℃為佳。最佳噴霧乾燥載體之研究結果顯示以麥芽糊精之效果最佳,產品回收率可達94.1%,其次為海藻糖及乳糖,分別為89.5、87.2%,均較對照組的74.9%為高。 |
英文摘要 | The processing technique of instant chrysanthemum was study from the dosages of chrysanthemum, different extraction methods, and the conditions of spray drying. Both of opening extraction at 100℃ and closed extraction in autoclave at 100℃ have the same effects, that the total soluble solid contents were increased followed by the dosages of chrysanthemum increased. Whereas, the recoveries of those two extraction methods were decreased, it was 30.50-51.63 % and 30.73-41.88 % respectively. The ratio of the dosage of chrysanthemum and water was one to fifty. Comparison of the total soluble solid contents and the recovery, there have the sequence, from maximum to minimum, between those three different extraction methods, that is opening extraction, circulated extraction, and closed extraction. On the viewpoint of time effect, twenty minutes extraction at 100T of opening extraction and circulated extraction were the best. Closed extraction at 120℃ for 10 minutes have the highest recovery. The effects of three different extraction methods on the color of "L", "a", and "b" values were the same. The results indicated that the longer the extraction time, the higher the "L" value and the lower the "a" value showed. The concentrate of chrysanthemum at 10.0°Brix total soluble solid contents were tested and analyzed under different chamber temperature of spray dryer. The results showed that the recovery were between 26.2-40.2 %, it was increased with the increasing of the chamber temperature of spray dryer, and the most suitable chamber temperature of spray dryer was 160℃. Maltodextrin was the best carrier in the spray drying experiment; it has a maximum recovery of 94.1 %, higher than trehalose and lactose. |
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