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題名 | 大豆光期試驗 (4)--主要大豆栽培品種對光期敏感性之測定=Studies on Photoperiodism of Soybeans (4)--Photo-sensibility of Cultivated Soybean Varieties in Taiwan |
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作者姓名(中文) | 施保華; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷期 | 55 民55.09 |
頁次 | 頁27-35 |
關鍵詞 | 光期試驗; 大豆; 光期敏感性; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | (一)19 個本省目前栽培之大豆品種,分別置於每日14小時之較長光期及10小時之短光期下生長,以測定各品種對光期長短反應之敏感性。結果依其反應程度之強弱,可分為下列四組: (1)對光期長度之反應極敏感者:臺農1號(R)、臺農2號(R)、和歌島、百美豆、三國豆、烏豆(表1,圖1)。 (2)對光期長度反應較敏感者:臺大高雄1號、臺大高雄2號、臺大高雄3號、臺大高雄4號、愛家豆(表2,圖2)。 (3) 對ˇ光期長度反應較遲鈍者:多生豆、高雄1號、臺大高雄6號、臺大高雄5號、臺大高雄7號(表3,圖3)。 (4)對光期長度反應及遲鈍者:珠仔豆、十石、青皮豆(表4,圖4)。 (二)部分品種(圖3、圖4)在短光期下,每節僅在葉腋處發生一個分枝,與通常田間栽培者無異。但在較長光期下,每節可發生甚多分枝(高雄1號在同一節上竟發生9個分枝),且分枝之出生並不一定是在葉腋內,而著生於節之四週,呈輪生(Whorled)狀態。 (三)就栽培之立場言,對於光期甚敏感之品種,無疑應特別注意栽培時間及栽培地區(緯度之高低),至於較遲鈍之品種,其生長適應範圍顯然較廣。 (四)大豆本質上係一短日作物,任何品種在較短之光期下生長,均能正常開花結莢,並縮短其生育日數。但光期過短,顯然將招致減產之後果。 |
英文摘要 | There are about 20 soybean varieties grown in Taiwan. Some of them are sensible to the daily photoperiod, and the others are not. It is important to understand the photo-sensibility of the cultivated varieties to get rid of the trouble in cultivation. In this experiment 19 soybean varieties were used as testing materials. They were San-Kuo (三國), Palmetto (百美豆), Shih-Tan (十石), Acadian (愛家豆), Ho-Ko-Tao (和歌島), Dortchsoy (多生豆), Kaohsiung no.1 (高雄1號), Tai-Ta-Kaohsiung no. 1, no. 2, no.3, no.4, no.5, no.6, no.7(臺大高雄1號,2號,3號,4號,5號,6號,7號), Tai-Nung no.1 (R), no. 2(R) (臺農1號(R), 2號(R)), Ching-Pi-Tao(青皮豆), Wu-Tao(烏豆) and Chu-Tsi-Tao(珠仔豆). Each variety was planted with 4 pots and divided into two groups. One group was exposed in 14 hours of longer photoperiod, and the other was exposed in 10 hours of shorter photoperiod daily. Photo-sensibility of various varieties was determined from the difference of their vegetative growth and reproductive growth developed in longer or shorter photoperiod. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. According to their sensibility to light expressing in their whole life eycle, the testing materials may be placed into one of the 4 groups: (a) Extremely sensitive varieties : Tai-Nung no. 1(R), no.2(R), Ho-Ko-Tao, Palmetto, San-Kuo, and Wu-Tao (Table 1, fig.1) (b) Sensitive varieties: Tai-Ta-Kaohsiung no. 1, no. 2, no.3, no.4, and Acadian (Table 2, fig. 2). (c) Obtuse varieties: Dortchsoy, Kaohsiung no. 1, Tai-Ta-Kaohsiung no.5, no.6, and no. 7 (Table 3, fig. 3). (d) Extremely obtuse varieties: Chu-Tsi-Tao, Shih-Tan, and Ching-Pi-Tao. 2. Some tested varieties developed large number of branches whorled on each node of the stem under the condition of longer photoperiod, however, the same varieties had only one branch on each node in shorter photoperiod. All this kind of varieties in this experiment belonged to the obtuse or extremely obtuse group of photo-sensibility (Table 3, fig. 3). 3. In the stand point of soybean cultivation, all light-sensitive varieties should be carefully selected their planting time and planting place; and the insensitive varieties are apparently more adaptable to environmental condition. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。