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| 題 名 | 臺灣葡萄品種試驗=Grape Varietal Trials in Taiwan |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 諶克終; 康有德; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
| 卷 期 | 38 民51.06 |
| 頁 次 | 頁21-34 |
| 關鍵詞 | 葡萄; 品種試驗; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | (一)本試驗為六個葡萄品種之生長、結實、及其品質測定等試種紀錄。供為試驗的品種名稱是:1.金香(Golden muscat)、2.火神(Salamander)、3.玉紫(Scarlet)、4.奈加拉(Niagara)、5.苗栗一號(ML I)、及6.苗栗二號(ML II)。1~3為1954年自美國加州Davis地方引入,4~6為光復前引進。奈加拉種目前栽培面積最廣,約佔全省總栽培面積之80%強。苗栗一號及苗栗二號在苗栗鎮附近發現,栽培不多,原名不詳。試驗日期,自1954年元月起至1960年八月止。試驗地區計有臺北市國立臺灣大學農學院農業試驗場、新竹縣芎林鄉、苗栗鎮之南勢、臺中縣之后里鄉及彰化縣員林鎮等五處。 (二)在上述試驗地區,六個品種其冬季之休眠均正常,發芽、開花及結實良好,生長亦強健。如有需要,可以選擇優良品種進行企業栽培。 (三)各品種約於三月發芽,十一至十二月落葉。果實成熟時期,自六月中旬至七月下旬。 (四)各品種果實品質之優劣如下: 1.金香(Golden muscat):果實高糖中酸。果肉細果汁香爽,有麝香香氣,果穗及果粒大形,果色金黃,外型美觀,豐產,為鮮食用較佳之品種。 2.火神(Salamander):果實亦為高糖中酸。果肉細而軟。有葡萄香氣,果皮最薄,果穗及果粒均小形。果皮紫色,為鮮食用種。生長極強健,宜于家庭栽植。臺灣北部地區尤為適宜。 3.玉紫(Scarlet):為中糖高酸種。果皮厚,果汁多,果汁鮮紫紅色,有葡萄香氣,果穗大形,果粒中等大小,果皮厚,深紫色,著果甚為緊密,極為豐產,樹性亦強建。為加工用優良品種。成熟期亦較晚。 4.奈加拉(Niagara):果實高糖低酸。有狐臭氣,果肉細,果汁有混污感,品質中等,果穗大形,果粒中等大小,黃綠色。鮮食或加工用。 5.苗栗一號(ML I):亦為高糖低酸種,葡萄香氣特強,果肉細,有纖維,果汁混污不清,果汁含量亦較少,果穗及果粒中等大小,果皮粉紫紅色,加工或鮮食用。 6.苗栗二號(ML II):果實低糖高酸,果皮厚,果肉粗有纖維,果粒大,果穗小形,紫紅色,有葡萄香氣。惟一優點為早熟,宜加工用。 (五)金香之幼果及新梢對於白?病 Uncinula necator (SCHW.) BURR. 有感染性,通風曝光不良之地,易罹此症。其餘品種到目前為止,仍無嚴重情發現。 (六)六個品種的果實完熟時,均易落果,採收後亦易于脫粒。難于持久放置,此在果品輸送上及鮮食用種的果品放置上,均為不利。 |
| 英文摘要 | Six grape varieties were tried in this experiment. They are 1. Gloden muscat, 2. Salamander, 3. Scarlet, 4. Niagara, 5. ML I, and 6. ML II (5-6 original name unknown). The first three were introduced from the U.S. A. in March 17, 1954, the others were collected from this island. Data were taken from the six grape varieties grown at the NTU Horticulture Farm in Taipei (25° 03'-121° 31'), and four contract farms of the Taiwan Tobacco & Wine Monopoly Bureau located in Hsienchu (24° 47'-121° 04'), Miaoli (24° 29'-120° 40'), Taichung (24° 19'-120° 43'), and Changhwa (23° 58'-120° 34'), during the years 1954~1960. Dormancy condition of the six grape varieties were normal in areas described as above. All the varieties have made are vigorous growth. Buds of the six grape varieties begin to burst in March and their leaves fall of the vine from November till December. Time of fruit harvesting was from early June to the end of July depending on varieties. Characteristics and qualities of fruit of the six grape varieties grown in Taiwan are described as follow: 1. Golden muscat: Very productive. Clasters large, fairly compact. Berry large, oval, green to amber-colored, with whitish bloom. Skin thin, pulp soft, very juicy, sweet with muscat flavor. High sugar content, medium acid. Quality very good to best. Better for table use. 2. Salamander: Productive. Clasters medium in size, variable in shape, compact. Berry medium small, purplish red, spherical. Skin thin and tough. Flesh tender and juicy, with vinous flavor. High sugar content, medium acid. Quality good. Better for table use. 3. Scarlet: Very productive. Clasters medium large, very compact. Berry medium small, jet black, dull, waxy bloom. Skin thick, heavily pigmented. Pulp soft, very juicy. Medium sugar content, high acid. Better for processing. 4. Niagara: Very productive. Claster medium to large, variable in shape, moderately compact. Berry amber colored, with thin grayish bloom, modrately large, ovoid. Skin thin. Flesh moderately tender, juice, with strong foxy odour. High sugar content, low acid. Quality fairly good. For table use or processing. This variety has been grown here for over thirty years. 5. ML I: Found growing in the vicinity of Miaoli. Original name unknown. Productive. Claster medium in size, variable in shape, compact. Berry red-colored, with whitish bloom, medium in size, round or ovoid. Skin and tender. Pulp soft, very juicy, with very spright vinous flavor. High sugar content, low acid. Quality good. For table use and processing. 6. ML II: Found growing in the vicinty of Miaoli. Original name unknown. Moderately productive. Clasters medium to small. Berry purplish red, with whitish thin bloom. Skin moderately thin. Pulp soft, juicy with vinous flavor. Low sugar content, high acid. Quality fair. Better for processing. No serious disease have been found during this experiment. Except the young berries of Golden muscat were very susceptible to powdery mildew (Uncinula necator (SCHW.) BURR.), especially when they were grown in locality of poor air drainage. Berries of all the six grape varieties were apt to shed from the claster before and after picking. This gave a difficult problem in transportation and storage of fruit of these varieties. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。