頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 落花生灌溉時期灌溉量對於落花生收量之影響=The Effect of Time of Irrigation and Amount of Water Irrigated on Peanut Yield |
---|---|
作 者 | 蘇匡基; 呂秉璋; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷 期 | 41 民52.03 |
頁 次 | 頁43-51 |
關鍵詞 | 落花生; 灌溉量; 收量; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本試驗為探究最經濟最有效之灌溉方法,於民國47年至49年之三年間,用臺南六號在臺南區農業改良場之砂壤土舉行落花生灌溉時期及灌溉量對落花生收量之影響試驗。試驗進行中以Tensiometer及Bouyoucos meter測定土壤有效水分量。其結果摘錄如次: (一)落花生生育期間以開花盛期及早開花者結實初期(播種後30~60日)對土壤水分之缺乏最敏感之時期,?為灌溉之臨界期(Critical point)。次為花芽分化期(播種後至播種後30日)及結實期(播種後60~90日)較為重要。成熟期(播種後90~120日)對於水分缺乏之影響最少。 (二)灌溉時期之標準以保持土壤有效水分60%,以下時?行灌溉區比40%為標準時增收10%左右,比無灌溉區增收20~47%。一次灌溉量似以40~50mm為宜,其收量比一次灌溉20~30mm約增5%(春作)~10%(秋作)左右。根據二年結果,春作降雨量較多,如要保持土壤有效水分40~60%時,需要一次灌溉20~40mm,生育期間灌3~4次,總灌溉量約需80~120mm;秋作灌5~6次,約需130~220mm。 (三)如水源充足時土壤有效水分宜保持60%,以下時灌溉40~50mm?可增收30%(春作)~47%(秋作)。如水源有限,宜在開花後15日左右之臨界期灌溉50mm一次,?可增收17%左右。 (四)灌溉會使土壤緊壓,可使莢果形狀縮小。灌溉量愈多莢果愈小。莢寬之減少率之莢長之減少率為大。 |
英文摘要 | For determining more economical and efficient irrigation practices, the test on the effect of time of irrigation and amount of water irrigated on peanut yield have been conducted at the Tainan Agricultural Improvement Station during 1958 to 1960. The Spanish type variety, Tainan No. 6 was used. The soil was sandy soil. Soil moisture was measured by Tensiometer and Bouyoucos meter. The experimental results were as follows: (1) The critical period to water dificiency on peanuts were excisted at the peak flowering and early fruiting stage (30 to 60 days after sowing). The flower bud formation stage (0 to 30 days after sowing) and fruiting stage (60 to 90 days after sowing) came after the peak flowering stage on the effect of moisture deficiency. The maturing stage (90 to 120 days after sowing) showed least effect on yield to moisture deficiency. (2) The plot keeping above 60% of available moisture showed showed 10% more yield than the plot keeping above 40% of available moisture, and 20 to 47% more yield than the plot did not irrigate. As to the amount of water per one application, 40 to 50 mm was better than 20 to 30 mm. Its difference was about 5% in spring crop, and about 10% in fall. When kept the soil moisture above 40 to 60% of available moisture, in spring (more rainfall than in fall crop), 20 to 40 mm of water should irrigate 3 to 5 times, and total irrigation water was 80 to 120 mm during the growing. In fall crop, 5 to 6 applications of 20 to 40 mm was needed, and the total amount was 130 to 220 mm. (3) When there are sufficient irrigation water, it had better keep the soil moisture above 60%, and irrigate 40 to 50 mm per one application. According to the experimental result, this method showed 30% (spring) and 47% (fall) more yield than no irrigated. If the water is limitted, one application of 50 mm of irrigation water at the 15 days after flowering could get 17% more yield than no irrigated. (4) The pods produced from irrigated plot were smaller in size than the pods produced from non irrigation plot. Rate of decreasing in pod, the width was larger than the length. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。