查詢結果分析
來源資料
頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 臺灣中、南部水田土壤影響氧化亞氮釋放之因子=Factors that Influencing Nitrous Oxide Emission from Paddy Soils Located at Central and Southern Parts of Taiwan |
---|---|
作 者 | 趙震慶; 趙維良; 楊秋忠; 王銀波; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷 期 | 187 1999.09[民88.09] |
頁 次 | 頁38-53 |
分類號 | 434.225 |
關鍵詞 | 水稻田; 土壤; 氧化亞氮; 流量; 釋放; 氮肥; 溫度; 氧化還原電位; Paddy field; Nitrous oxide; Emission; Fertilizer; Soil temperature; Redox potential; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 土壤生物生成具有溫室效應的微量氣體中,氧化亞氮(N�烙)為其中主要氣體之一。因人類活動而導致大氣中N�烙濃度之增加,農業生產為其中最主要之來源。分別於臺中、彰化、嘉義及高雄等四地區水田土壤,依密閉室法估算全年兩期水稻於生長期及休閒期N�烙釋放量,同時評估氧化亞氮還原酵素活性。期建立臺灣中、南部水田土壤N�烙淨釋放量及評估氧化亞氮還原酵素消減N�烙潛能。連續三天密集觀測臺中試區水田土壤N�烙最高與最低釋放量出現時間,視生長期而異, 僅分蘗期至乳熟期最大值出現在午後二時,最低值在清晨五時。五年觀測四試區N�烙釋放量,其範圍每天每公頃2.5至34.4g(C.V.為17%至135%)。與表土下5公分土壤溫度(R �� <0.483)或氧化還原電位(Eh,R�� < 0.164)相關性低。依本研究所用觀測法所獲測值估算臺中、彰化、嘉義及高雄等四地區水稻田土壤,每年N�烙-N釋放淨值依次為7.3、5.6、4.9及4.5 g ha�笐薄A約為每年施氮量之1.06%至2.19%。土壤氧化亞氮還原酵素活性潛能以土壤浸水期高於無水期,即插秧期與分糱期消減N�烙之潛能高於乳熟期與休閒期。 |
英文摘要 | Nitrous oxide (N�烙) is one of the biogenetic trace gas emission from soil, which plays an important role in global warming. The major source of N�烙 in the atmosphere, due to anthropogenic acitivities, is from agricultural practice. In this study, we have measured the amounts of nitrous oxide emitted during various stages of rice growth and fallow seasons at fields located at Taichung, Changhua, Chiayi and Kaohsiung by close chamber method. The activities of nitrous oxide reductase in paddy soils collected from the above locations were also determined. The purpose of this study was to establish the basic informations concerning the emission of nitrous oxide from paddy fields at central and southern parts of Taiwan, and the potentials of nitrous oxide reductase on N�烙 sequestration in soils collected from these fields. In paddy field located at Taichung, during a 72-hours intensive sampling schedule, the daily maxiumum N�烙 fluxes were in general detected around 2 p.m. During long-term studies, the emissions of N�烙-N from different test fields ranged from 2.5 to 34.4 g ha�笐� day�笐�, and the coefficients of variation of these measurments were from 17% to 135%. We failed to detect any significant relationships between nitrous oxide emissions and soil temperatures or redox potentials at a depth of 5 cm into the soil profile. We have also calculated that the mean annual amounts of N�烙-N released into the atmosphere was 7.3, 5.6, 4.9 and 4.5 kg N�烙-N ha�笐� yr �笐� from fields located at Taichung, Changhua, Chiayi and Kaohsiung, respectively. The ratios of nitrogen fertilizer derived N �� O emission from paddy fields were estimated to be around 1.06% to 2.19%. The activites of nitrous oxide reductase were higher in paddy soils as compared with drained soils. The results also indicate that the capacities of N�烙 sequestration in transplanting and tillering stages of rice were higher than those in milky and fallow stages. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。