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頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 文心蘭切花老化及品質保鮮=Flower Senescence and Quality Preservation of Cut Oncidium |
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作者 | 林瑞松; | 書刊名 | 農林學報 |
卷期 | 48:2 1999.06[民88.06] |
頁次 | 頁63-83 |
分類號 | 435.431 |
關鍵詞 | 文心蘭; 花藥蓋; 蕊柱; 萎凋; 乙烯; 乙烯生成酵素; 電解質滲漏; 切花壽命; 硫代硫酸銀; Oncidium; Pollinia cap; Column; Wilt; Ethylene; Etyhlene forming enzyme; Electrolyte leakage; Vase life; Silver thiosufate; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究以文化蘭切花品種'Gower Ramsey'切花為材料,探討文心蘭切花老化與乙 烯之關係以及切花品質保鮮之方法。試驗結果顯示:小花發育成熟度在芽蕾期及緊蕾期乙烯 生成量分別為0.52及0.64 μl/kg/hr.,在唇瓣展平後乙烯生成量下降,然至老化凋萎初期乙 烯生成量又上升為1.57μl/kg/hr.。此證明文心蘭之發育與老化與乙烯有關。在切花採收後8 小時乙烯生成量達第一次高峰,而第二次高峰則在老化凋萎開始時。二氧化碳濃度上升到達 高峰較乙烯生成遲緩。文心蘭切花花序上小花之花藥蓋去除率愈高切花吸水量愈低,瓶插壽 命也愈短。小花花藥蓋去除使蕊柱受傷而產生乙烯,故花藥蓋去除率愈高則乙烯生成量愈高; 花藥蓋去除達100%者第二次乙烯生成量在第5日開始上升,在第8日達高峰,此時唇瓣表 面呈現不平整脈絡現象。而在去除率30%和50%者則在第6日乙烯生成量上升,但同樣在 第8日達到高峰。小花老化或花藥蓋去除後蕊柱部位之電解質離子滲漏率較大。乙烯生成酵 素之活性,以蕊柱部位最明顯,在花藥蓋去除後4小時在蕊柱部位即有0.45 nl/g.nr.乙烯生成 活性,於8小時後已達1.01 nl/g.hr.,此與對照組0.07 nl/g.hr.相差14倍。此為縮短文心蘭小 花及切花壽命與老化之主要原因之一。使用1.5mM~2.0 mM silver thiosulfate(STS)於15℃下 預措處理24小時之文心蘭切花可增加小花開放數及瓶插壽命延長提昇開花品質。 |
英文摘要 | The relationship and mechanism between flower senescence and ethylene of Oncidium 'Gower Ramsey' cut flowers were studied. Moreover, the method for flower quality preservation was established. The production of ethylene was produced at 0.52 and 0.64 μl/kg/hr in bud stage and tight stage of flower development , respectively, but declined when the labellum of florets bloomed to full opening smoothly. Finally, the ethylene procudtion was enhanced again at 1.57 μl/kg/hr when the florets started to wilt. Consequently, flower development and senessence were accelerated by ethylene. The first peak of ethylene production was found after 8 hrs of cut flower was harvested and second peak of ethylene production was detected at the stage which the flowers started to wilt. Carbon dioxide concentration was enhanced later after the peak of ethylene production. The pollinia cap dislodgment of florets induced declined of water uptake and shortened of vase life. The higher rate of pollinia cap dislodgment resulted the shorter vase life of flowers. The column of florets were wound when the pollinia cap dislodged, the induced ethylene production. The higher rate of pollinia cap dislodgment rate, the more ethylene was produced. The sharp rise of ethylene production acted as second increase on the 5th day and approached to peak on the 8 day that was found in 100% pollinia cap dislodged flowers. In this moment, the vein of labellum showed up and the surface of labellum became uneven. Nevertheless, 30% and 50% pollinia cap dislodgment caused second rise of ethylene production on the 6th day and approcached to peak on the 8 day as well as 100% pollinia cap dislodgment did. The more electrolyte leakage of column took place when flower senescence and pollinia cap was dislodged. The activity of ethylene forming enzyme (EFE) was detected at 0.45 nl/g.hr. after 8 hrs of pollinia cap was dislodged. There was 14 fold ethylene production compared to 0.07 nl/g.hr which was produced from floret without pollinia cap dislodgment flowers. It was clear that pollinia cap dislodgment induced higher EFE activity in column mostly then resulted in floret senescence, shortened both floret and flower life. To pulse with silver thiosufate (STS) at 1.5 mM~2.0 mM in 15℃ for 24 hours kept cut oncidium more florets opening, extended vase life and promoted flower quality. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。