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| 題 名 | 政府推動契約式福利服務策略之研究=A Research on the Contracted Welfare Service Strategy by Government |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 賴珍如; 施教裕; | 書刊名 | 社會工作學刊 |
| 卷 期 | 5 1999.04[民88.04] |
| 頁 次 | 頁95+97-140 |
| 分類號 | 548.2 |
| 關鍵詞 | 公設民營; 購買服務; 私有化; 社會行政; 福利政策; 植根理論; Contracting-out; Purchase of service contracting; Privatization; Administration in social work; Welfare policy; Grounded theory; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 本文旨在探討：在現行政府福利私有化政策發展趨勢之下，政府推動契約式福利服務與策略類型之現況。本研究以植根理論（grounded theory）為理論分析基礎，訪談12個政府單位及32個參與福利服務委辦的民間機構為樣本。 研究結果顯示，目前政府推動契約福利服務的策略類型包括下列四種：「準競爭模型」、「（權威式）協商模型」、「（放任或不情願式）合作模型」、「扶植模型」。「準競爭模型」趨近於「競爭市場」模型，其福利市場的競爭性條件較其他類型完善，政府選擇受託者的彈性空間較大以及注重考量服務的價格與成本機制。「（權威式）協商模型」顯示政府在委辦過程中其協商過程始於主動尋找特定的受託者，而受託機構通常以先前受託者為優先考量，然後在不斷協商中以強力主導方式進行委託合作的關係。「（放任或不情願式）合作模型」顯示政府在合作委辦的「隋性」與無奈心態下來維持特定環境中服務體系的穩定為主要考量，其主要特徵是環境中僅有一個受託者，因而使受託者與政府保持長期的契約關係，形成獨佔的局面。「扶植模型」顯示政府僅僅扮演補助者或贊助者的角色來扶植機構，雙方的契約關係為非正式的協定。研究顯示：政府與民間福利機構在委辦過程中常產生具有爭議性的議題為：經費補助、場地設施的管理及運用、行政程序、徵選過程公平性、專門評審小組是否客觀、徵選計畫書的考量、政府在契約協商中的主導性、契約內容定義不清、政府的監督管理方式與績效評估制度等等。建議未來政府應從政策面、管理面與倡導面來進一步推動契約式福利服務。在政策面上，政府應著重福利私有化政策的制定與規劃；在管理面上，政府應考慮行政部門政策環境的配合、契約行政的建立與規範制度、建立公平適切的徵選與監督及績效評估制度；在倡導上，政府應致力促進福利供給市場的競爭性、增加委辦資訊的流通性和提供政府與民間福利機構承辦人觀摩學習機會。 |
| 英文摘要 | The thesis examines the situation and models for service contracting by government as purchase of service contracting (POSC) has increasingly been used to implement public policy in the social services. The paper uses the findings of existing contracting cases and grounded theory to extend the study of contracting includes: Quasi-competitive model, (authoritative) negotiation model, (let alone or unwilling) cooperative model, promotional model. (12 local governments and 32 voluntary agencies for samples). The Quasi-competitive model shows that a more competitive market for services and the government has its choice among several bids and therefore can select the firm that will provide the specified services at the lowest cost. The (authoritative) negotiation model involves relational contracting, in which a form of consensual and incremental decision making is the norm and we find the governments take the authoritative way in previous contractors be identified. The (let alone or unwilling)cooperative model is likely to be a visible as where there are low resources of time, funding, or existing suppliers prepared to produce the service. Usually the service environment is typically characterized by only one contractor. We find local governments usually to have no choice to identify providers. The promotional model shows that the contract relationship both local governments and voluntary agencies is informal. The informal agreements range from verbal agreements to brief letters. Moreover, the argument issues between government and voluntary agencies includes: expense subsidy, the management and application of field facility, administrative procedures, the fairness of levy process, the objective of special auditing group, the consideration of levy projects, the governmental leading in contracts, the unclear definition content of contracts, the administration management mode and achievement evaluation system. It suggests that the government should emphasize planning of policy, and improve the policy environmental conjugation of executive department, the configuration and administrative system, construction of the fair suitable levy and administration and efficiency auditing system. The government should improve the competition of the welfare suppply market, increase the currency of information for contracting and provide the learning opportunities to the staff of local government and voluntary agencies. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。