頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 脫鹽劑開發與應用實務=Development and Application of Demulsifier for Crude Oil |
---|---|
作 者 | 林建琛; 羅文亨; 黃銘郁; 許峰彰; | 書刊名 | 石油季刊 |
卷 期 | 35:1 1999.03[民88.03] |
頁 次 | 頁69-77 |
分類號 | 466.83 |
關鍵詞 | 脫鹽劑; 解乳化劑; 解乳化; 前置脫鹽; 界面活性劑; Demulsifier; Desalting; Demulsification; Surfactant; Pretank; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 脫鹽劑(desalting agent)又稱解乳化劑(Demulsifier),其功能既是於解決因加 入洗滌水清除原油中鹽類,所造成油水乳化難以分離的問題,而無法將洗滌水排出。 解乳化劑的化學結構主要由油溶性部份及水溶性部分組成,能擴散至油水界面。破壞 界面穩定性,打破油水薄膜,使得小水滴聚成大水滴而沉降,最後達到油水分離之效 果。 本公司開發生產之脫鹽劑DS-1,在桃廠第一蒸餾試用相當成功,廣泛受到公司各 單位之重視,並要求試用於其他蒸餾工場,因此先後於高廠第二、六、第八蒸餾工場 及大林廠第十一蒸餾工場試用,結果亦頗獲好評,除了脫鹽劑品質穩定外,另外劑量 也降低,對脫鹽效率的提升,煉製成本之降低都有相當大的助益。現在高廠與桃廠已 採用本所研發之DS-1脫鹽劑,大林廠預計於87年的9月起由第十一蒸餾正式採用DS-1 脫鹽劑,並逐步推到第九、十蒸餾。 影響蒸餾工場之脫鹽操作好壞因素相當多,除了脫鹽劑外,原油儲運與管理對脫 鹽操作之影響更大。但礙於設備容量極限,仍有一些困難,有待克服。有鑑於此,本 所於是提出前置脫鹽之構想,希望將脫鹽的動作往前推到原油槽,由原油槽作為第一 線的脫鹽槽,利用原油在原油槽靜置的時候就開始脫鹽,本公司於是進一步開發第二 代脫鹽劑DS-2,此脫鹽劑有低溫解乳化的功能,因其是將部分的脫鹽劑往前加至原 油槽,到脫鹽槽時能仍發揮功效。 |
英文摘要 | Desalting agent is a demulsifier. The function of desalting agent is to resolve emulsion problem during desalting process of topping unit. Demulsifier is a surfactant that composes of hydrophilic part and hydrophobic part. By the way, demulsifier will diffuse to the interface of oil and water, destroy the stability of interfacial film. Then the film rupture and water droplet coalesce to large droplet, finally large droplet drop down and water separate from oil phase. The DS-1 demulsifier developed by RMRC was taken field test in Taoyuan Refinery at first. Successful performance result of DS-1 was approved by no.1 topping unit in Taoyuan Refinery. As other Refineries got the information of field test, they demanded units give good response for DS-1 performance. DS-1 has good quality and lower dosage as comparing with commercial demulsifiers, so it will improve desalting efficiency and reduce the cost. Now DS-1 replace other demulsifier used in Kaosiung Refinery and Taoyuan Refinery and become the major demulsifier used in CPC. Additionally, Talin refinery will use DS-1 demulsifier in no. 11 topping unit in September, then will be followed by no.10 and 9 topping unit. Many factors will affect the desalting efficiency. Crude oil transportation and storage are the most important factors. Comparing with transportation and storage, demulsifier is not so important for desalting operation. During to the tank volume limitation of the crude storage, no enough time for setting down of water in crude is happened usually. This desalting problem must be resolved at first. So it is tried to solve desalting problem form crude storage in tank farm. We try to pretreat crude oil with demulsifier in crude tank. It would elongate the treating time of crude from the time when crude discharge from crude ship. DS-2 is a new package for pretank demulsifier and suitable for ambient temperature demulsification. It can replace some dosage used in desalting tank. Total cost for desalting operation is not increased. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。