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題 名 | Morantel Tartrate防治松材線蟲萎凋病效果之評估=Appraisal of Morantel Tartrate for Controlling Pine Wilt Disease |
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作 者 | 張瑞璋; 曾顯雄; 遠田暢男; 沈昆禧; 蕭祺暉; | 書刊名 | 臺灣林業科學 |
卷 期 | 13:2 1998.06[民87.06] |
頁 次 | 頁147-153 |
分類號 | 436.34 |
關鍵詞 | 松材線蟲; 樹幹灌注; 病害防治; Morantel tartrate; Pinewood nematode; Trunk injection; Disease control; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 於1996年12月至1997年1月間,分別在台灣北部的金山、內湖、四 堵和淡水四個地點,進行樹幹灌注系統性殺線蟲劑的試驗,以評估藥劑對松材線 蟲萎凋病的防治效果。試驗採完全逢機設計,每一試驗區包括20棵松樹,10棵 灌注藥劑當為處理,另10棵不灌注藥劑當為對照組。這些松樹皆經流脂診斷法 確定未遭松材線蟲(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus )感染,處理組的松樹,每棵以氣 體加壓方式,將12.5 % Morantel tartrate灌注入樹幹,藥劑用量依樹之胸徑大小 而定,對照組則未做任何處理。藥劑灌注三個月後,於1997年5月間將人工培 養的松材線蟲接種到所有供試松樹,每棵松樹以鑽孔接種法接種三萬隻松材線 蟲。接種後,病徵於6月間開始陸續出現,經過167天後,以藥劑保護的松樹在 上述四個試驗地點,其發病率分別為10 %、20 %、20 %和10 %,罹病程度則為 2 %、14 %、8 %和2 %;而未處理組的松樹,其發病率分別為90 %、100 %、80 %和100 %,罹病程度則為90 %、94 %、34 %和100 %,試驗結果顯示12.5 % Morantel tartrate具有良好的保護效果,不僅降低松材線蟲萎凋病的發病率,也可 延緩病勢的進展。 |
英文摘要 | Trunk injection of 12.5% Morantel tartrate for controlling pine wilt disease was conducted at Chinshan, Neihu, Syhdu, and Tanshui in northern Taiwan. Twenty healthy pine trees with trunk diameters ranging from 5 to 40 cm and exhibiting normal oleoresin exudation were selected for the inoculation test. Ten trees were injected with 12.5% of the chemical Morantel tartrate during Dec. 1996 and Jan. 1997 according to the protocol of the manufacture; another 10 pine trees were used as controls. Three months (May 1997) after trunk injection, all trees at 4 locations were artificially inoculated with 30,000 pinewoodnematodes (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) each. Symptoms of pine wilt were first observed 28 days after inoculation; the disease progressed rapidly from June to Sep. 1997, and reached a stationary phase in Nov. 1997. Chemical protection efficacy was evaluated 167 days after inoculation. For chemical-treated trees, disease incidences at Chinshan, Neihu, Syhdu, and Tanshui were 10%, 20%, 20%, and 10%, and disease severities were 2%, 14%, 8%, and 2%, respectively. However, for non-treated controls, disease incidences were 90%, 100%, 80%, and 100%, and disease everities were 90%, 94%, 34%, and 100%, respectively. Our results demonstrate that Morantal tartrate not only decreases incidence of pine wilt, but also retards the disease progress. |
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