頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 土壤蒸汽消毒防治百合黃化型病害=Control of Lily Yellowing Diseases by Soil Steam Disinfection |
---|---|
作 者 | 李敏郎; 呂理燊; | 書刊名 | 植物保護學會會刊 |
卷 期 | 40:3 1998.09[民87.09] |
頁 次 | 頁251-264 |
分類號 | 435.456 |
關鍵詞 | 百合; 百合黃化型病害; 連作障礙; 土壤蒸汽消毒; 病害防治; Lilium sp; Lily yellowing diseases; Monoculture problem; Soil steam disinfection; Disease control; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 以葵百合(Lilium oriental hybrid cv.Stargazer)為材料,連績兩年在后里同一塊百合連作田進行三次60 ℃維持30分鐘及80 ℃維持20分鐘之土壤蒸汽消毒試驗,並分別以溴化甲烷燻蒸(28.3g/m�插^及完全不做處理為對照,防治由凡Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.lilii或Rhizoctonia solani所引起之百合黃化型病害。結果第一次試驗之60 ℃、80 ℃、溴化甲烷燻蒸區及對照組的發病率分別為14.6、5.7、57.7及46.3%,第二次試驗則為2.2、0.6、3.9及7.8%,兩種溫度之土壤蒸汽消毒防病效果無顯著差異,但均優於溴化甲烷處理及對照組。連作田土壤經蒸汽消毒處理一次後,對百合連續栽培之病害防治持績效果,分成僅在第一期百合種植前,進行土壤蒸汽消毒處理,然後連續種植兩期百合(SI);及第一期不做處理,於第二期百合種植前,才進行土壤蒸汽消毒處理(S2)等方式,結果顯示SI及S2虛理間之防病效果無顯著差異,但與對照組均達顯著差異。SI區之60 ℃及80 ℃處理者發病率分別為5.2及2.2%,溴化甲烷處理者則為12.9%,S2區之60 ℃及80 ℃處理者發病率分別為10.2及11.1%,而溴化甲烷連續兩期皆處理者為7.3%,SI及S2區之對照組發病率則高達33.9%。土壤蒸汽消毒除防治病害外,80 ℃處理之切花品質及瓶插壽命,均優於60 ℃、溴化甲烷處理者及對照組。本研究顯示土壤蒸汽消毒可防治百合黃化型病害,兩種溫度中,又以80 ℃較為理想,可持續每年連續兩次百合之生產,解決百合無法連作之問題。 |
英文摘要 | Control of lily yellowing diseases caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lilii or Rhizoctonia solani was conducted in a lily monocultural field with Lilium oriental hybrid cv. Stargazer. Soil was steamed at 60 ℃ for 30 min. or 80 ℃ for 20 min. Methyl bromide (28.3g/m��) and blank were used as control treatments. The disease control was not significantly different between 60 ℃ and 80 ℃ treatments during 2 years' three trials. The disease incidence of steam treatments were less than methyl bromide treatment and blank control. The disease incidences occurred in 60 ℃, 80 ℃, methyl bromide and blank treatments were 14.6, 5.7, 57.7 and 46.3% in 1996 and 2.2, 0.6, 3.9 and 7.8% in 1997, respectively. To observe the duration effect of soil steam disinfection, trials including SI in which the soil was treated with steam for the first lily culture crop, but without further soil treatment for the second crop, and S2 in which the soil was not treated with steam on the first lily crop, but was treated with steam before the second lily crop were undertaken. Effect of disease control between SI and S2 trials was not significantly different, but disease control of both SI and S2 trials was significantly better than blank control. In S1 trial, disease incidence of 60 ℃ and 80 ℃ treatments were 5.2 and 2.2% respectively, while for methyl bromide, it was 12.9%, and in S2 trial, disease incidence of 60 ℃ and 80 ℃ treatments were 10.2 and 11.1%, respectively, and 7.3% for methyl bromide continuously treated block. Disease incidence of blank control was as high as 33.9%. The result revealed that the control effect of SI trial could last two continuous lily growing periods for 7 months. Except for the disease control effect by soil steam disinfection, 80 ℃ treatment enhanced the quahty of cut lily than 60 ℃ and methyl bromide treatments. Soil steam disinfection indeed controlled the lily yellowing disease significantly and raised the quality of cut lily with the best treatment by 80 ℃ for 20 min. which could last two continuous lily growing periods and overcome the lily monoculture problem. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。