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題 名 | 稻米硬度與胚乳細胞組織結構之探討=Rice Hardness and Endosperm Tissue Microstructure in Fourteen Rice Varieties |
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作 者 | 陳季洲; 盧訓; 呂政義; | 書刊名 | 中國農業化學會誌 |
卷 期 | 36:6 1998.12[民87.12] |
頁 次 | 頁576-588 |
分類號 | 434.111 |
關鍵詞 | 稻米; 硬度; 胚乳細胞; 組織結構; Rice; Hardness; Endosperm cell; Microstructure; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本實驗係採用1996年第一期作之14種梗米、秈米及糯米為試驗材料。於固定精白 度下測定米粒硬度及磨粉溫度,配合立體顯微鏡、電子顯微鏡觀察不同硬度稻米胚乳之組織 結構。實驗結果顯示,臺灣省產之14種稻米品種的硬度值有顯著性差異(p<0.05)存在, 而其中以梗米之米粒硬度較秈米及糯米為高。Brabender Micro-hard-ness Test (BMHT) 硬度值、Stenvert Hardness Test (SHT)硬度值及磨粉溫度與BMHT硬度值之迴歸方程式斜 率間皆呈顯著之正或負相關性(p<0.05),故BMHT硬度值之迴歸方程式斜率可做為稻米硬 度之指標。立體顯微觀察顯示,秈米中粉質胚乳的比例會隨硬度值增加而呈逐漸減少之趨勢 。電子顯微鏡結果發現,秈米米粒橫斷面胚乳細胞之排列形態因硬度不同而差異頗大,而梗 米及糯米胚乳細胞之組織結構差異較不明顯。綜合以結果,可知稻米硬度與胚乳細胞組織結 構間確實有明顯之相關性,同為秈米或梗米品種之間亦有很大之差異,但以秈米較為顯著。 |
英文摘要 | In this study, polished rice samples were prepared from indica, japonica, and waxy rice varieties from the first crop in 1996. The rice hardness, milling temperature, and endosperm cell microstructure etc., were examined, and statistic analysis was also carried out. In rice hardness analysis, fourteen rice varieties were applied as samples. It was found that significant variation in the rice hardness occurred among the different rice varieties (p<0.05). Japonica rice had harder kernel hardness than indica and waxy rice. The statistical analysis showed that the BMHT, RT and milling temperature were highly correlated with the slope of the BMHT milling time equation (p<0.05). Results showed that the slope of BMHT was simple and easy to use for rice hardness measurement. Stereoscopic zoom microscopy showed that the hardness of kernel was correlated with the ratio of vitreous endosperm of the indica rice varieties. In SEM analysis, the crosssections of rice endosperm cells showed significant differences in the indica rice. Results indicated that significant variation in rice hardness correlated with the microstructure of rice kernel endosperm occurred among the different rice varieties. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。