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題名 | 臺灣土生固氮溶鐵磷細菌特性之研究=Characterization of the Nitrogen Fixation and Ferric Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria Isolated from a Taiwan Soil |
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作者 | 楊秋忠; 張芝賢; 陳立夫; 趙震慶; Young, Chiu-chung; Chang, Chih-hsien; Chen, Lih-fu; Chao, Chen-ching; |
期刊 | 中國農業化學會誌 |
出版日期 | 19980400 |
卷期 | 36:2 1998.04[民87.04] |
頁次 | 頁201-210 |
分類號 | 434.223 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 非共生固氮菌; 固氮作用; 溶鐵磷細菌; 溶鐵磷能力; 溶磷酸鐵機制; Azotobacter spp; Free-living nitrogen fixation bacteria; Nitrogen fixation; Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria; Phosphate-solubilizing ability; Mechanism of solubilizing ferric phosphate; |
中文摘要 | 酸性土壤中有大量的鐵、鋁氫氧化物存在,容易與磷酸根離子結合而造成磷的固 定,使磷的有效性降低。如果能在酸土中接種溶鐵磷細菌,將鐵結合的磷酸根離子溶解出來, 必能增加土壤中磷的有效性而節省磷肥的施用。目前有關於溶鐵磷細菌的研究仍非常欠缺, 本研究乃首次自臺灣本土分離出具有非共生固氮能力,及溶解磷酸鐵之細菌,測定其溶解磷 酸鐵之能力及乙還原力,並探討固氮溶鐵磷細菌溶解磷酸鐵之機制。結果顯示由大里系土壤 分離出細菌,具有非共生固氮能力及溶解磷酸鐵的細菌分別為Azotobacter spp. C57、C72-1 及C80-2,此三株菌之溶磷能力,分別為3.2、4.9及3.5μg/mL/hr。本研究發現培養基pH 值的變化及菌體之胞外酵素均非磷酸鐵溶解之原因,而菌體分泌之有機酸應是造成磷酸鐵溶 解機制之因素。以高效能液體層析儀分析菌體分泌液顯示,三株菌皆會分泌檸檬酸及丙二酸 等hydroxyl carboxylic acid類有機酸。 |
英文摘要 | Large amounts of iron and aluminum hydroxides were found to exist in acid soils. The ferric ions could fix easily with phosphate, thus decreasing the availability of phosphate in the soil. The inoculating ferric phosphate solubilizing bacteria in acid soils caused the reease of phosphate ions combined with iron and increased the availability of phosphate, thus reducing the application rates of phosphate fertilizers. Research on ferric phosphate solubilizing bacteria is still limited. The present study was the first one to estimate the ferric phosphate solubilizing ability and the acetylene reduction activity of bacteria isolated from soils in Taiwan. The mechanism of the solubilizing of ferric phosphate by ferric phosphate solubilizing becteria was also studied. Three isolates of bacteria isolated from Ta-Li series soil could solubilize ferric phosphate and had acetylene reduction activity. The phosphate-solu-bilizing ability of the bacteria Azotobacter spp. C57, C72-1 and C80-2 were 3.2, 4.9 and 3.5μg/mL/hr, respectively. Furthermore, the results showed that the drop of pH in the media and the exoenzyme was not the reason for the solubilizing of ferric phosphate. The results indicated that organic acids excreted by bacteria were the main cause of the solubilizing of ferric phosphate. Estimation of the amounts and the kinds of organic acids excreted by ferric phosphate solubilizing bacteria with HPLC showed that the three isolates excreted citric acid and malonic acid, which represented hydroxyl carboxylic acid groups. |
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