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題名 | 施用牛糞對盤固草地土壤理化性質之影響=Effect of Surface Application of Cattle Manure on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties on Pangolagrass Pasture |
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作者 | 謝昭賢; 洪嘉謨; 洪國源; 許福星; 陳碧慧; | 書刊名 | 畜產研究 |
卷期 | 30:4 1997.12[民86.12] |
頁次 | 頁395-409 |
分類號 | 437.113 |
關鍵詞 | 土壤; 牛糞; 盤固草; 滲透率; 有機質; 理化性質; Soil; Cattle manure; Pangolagrass; Digitaria decombens stent; Infiltration rate; Organic matter; Physical and chemical properties; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本試驗在盤固草(Digitaria decombens Stent.)地,以表面施肥方式,利用完全逢機 區集方式設計,四處理,四重複,進行施用牛糞及化肥,在六年後測定對草地土壤理化性質 之影響。處理別分牛糞區(CM)、牛糞化肥區(CC)、化肥區(CF)及對照區(CK)。CM 區為每年施用牛糞相當於N 400 kg/ha之量,CF區每年施用化學肥料N:P O :K O=400:145:150 kg/ha之量,CC區為每年施用一半牛糞一半化肥,CK區則不施肥,經6年後測定土壤之物 理及化學性質。本試驗地所測得之土壤最終滲透率在處理CK、CF、CC及CM區各為1.02、 1.48、1.41及1.65cm/hr,屬於美國水土保持署(SCS)規範之D、C、C及C級水文土壤組, 亦均屬於臺灣省事業廢水土壤處理水質標準(草案)之慢速滲濾系統。以表面施肥方式,除 施用牛糞可提高土壤初始滲透率外,不論表面施用牛糞或化肥並不會改善土壤之物理性質: 如總體密度、孔隙率及最終滲透率。長期表面施用牛糞有助於增加土壤之有機質、總N、P、 K、Ca、Mg含量及提高土壤pH值,但土壤中之Cu累積量並無顯著地增加。因此長期施用 牛糞可改善地表土壤肥力,改善土壤之酸性。但盤固草長期表面施用化肥後,並不能改進土 壤之化學性質。長期表面施用牛糞會使土壤中P、K累積至高含量水準,但總N仍屬低含 量。因此在盤固草地長期施用牛糞時,除了要避免P、K值之累積外,應個別增加N肥之 施用量。 |
英文摘要 | The experiment was conducted on pangolagrass (Digitaria decombens Stent.) pasture in southern Taiwan. Random complete block design with four treatments and four replications was used. Cattle manure and chemical fertilizer were surface-applied annually for six years. The treatments were all of cattle manure (CM, based on N=400 kg/ha/yr), half of cattle manure and half of chemical fertilizer (CC), all of chemical fertilizer (CF, N:P O :K O=400:145:150 kg/ha/yr) and without fertilizer (CK). Soil physical and chemical properties were investigated after six annually surface-applied cattle manure. The results showed that the terminal infiltration rates for the treatment of CK, CF, CC and CM were 1.02, 1.48, 1.41, and 1.65 cm/hr, respectively. It was classified to D, C, C and C hydrological soil group as defined by US. Soil Conservation Service (SCS) and slow infiltration system as classified by Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in Taiwan. No soil physical properties could be improved except initial infiltration rate. The contents of organic matter, total N, P, K, Ca, and Mg and pH value increased with cattle manure applied. However, they did not increase by chemical fertilizer application. The concentrations of P and K would be accumulated to a high levels in soil after long-term application of cattle manure, while the total N remained very low. Therefore, careful application of cattle manure with a long-term consideration should be taken to prevent accumulating high levels of O and K in soil. |
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