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題 名 | 塔塔加鞍部森林、草原間的消長=Invasion between Forest and Grassland in Shaddle of the Ta-Ta-Chia |
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作 者 | 江博能; 王明光; 葉學文; | 書刊名 | 土壤與環境 |
卷 期 | 2:4 1999.12[民88.12] |
頁 次 | 頁317-332 |
分類號 | 434.223 |
關鍵詞 | 土壤有機質; 森林-草原生態系; δ丨C值; δ丨C value; Soil organic matter; Forest-grassland ecosystem; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 因為氣候的變化造成世界各地「氣候暖化」改變了全球各地氣候,南北極冰層融化,造成海水位上升,影響生態、農業、經濟、人文社會等等,如近期的聖嬰現象。而人類對於近年來氣候的劇烈改變以及氣候的不穩定改到不安與不解,因此於最近幾年對氣候變遷造成生態系的改變投入大量的研究。 本文的目的就是以森林一草原生態系間的消長、遷移及植群間的變化來推測過去氣候的變化。以土壤有機質(SOM)中碳 同位素比研究塔塔加鞍部地區鐵杉林區、草原區以及過渡帶區生態系界線的推移轉變。測定過去及現在森林-草原界線,包含以同位素比質譜儀測定土壤有機質中天然□C同位素豐度,以δ□C表示。並對土壤礦物組成以及土壤基本性質作一分析。 由研究結果顯示在研究區是一高度淋洗之狀態,因此土壤呈強酸性土壤。礦物組成顯示含有蛭石、水化蛭石、伊萊石、高嶺石以及少量三水鋁石。在兩個生態系中,表層土壤之SOM中δ□C值顯示與過渡植生型態平衡﹕草原植被中表層SOM中δ□C值約為.19.4 0/00,但是在草原土壤剖面下聰交深層之SOM中δ□C值卻減低至.24.0 0/00。而森林植被中表層SOM中δ□C值約為.27.1 0/00,在較深層之SOM中δ□C值去上升到-23.50/00。於過渡帶土壤剖面中表層SOMδ□C值約為-24.0 0/00,但較深層土嚷卻突然增加至-21.5 0/00,之後再往下層則有緩慢減低,這樣的結果顯示優勢生態系的改變,並且顯示過渡帶開始時森林優勢樹種,之後草原入侵,然後草原消退森林有重新再佔據。 |
英文摘要 | Global change is a hot subject and causes the climatic warming effect in worldwide. The ice melting in the artic and south pole, rise the sea level, and thus affected the ecosystem, agricultural production, economics, the order of human society, etc., namely, E1 Nanor effect. Unstable climate influence the human life and thus, recently a lot of research projects put in effort to emphasize in the study of global change. The objective of this study was to investigate the invasion and transplant between the ecosystem of forest and prairie to assess the past global change. The carbon isotope of soil organic matter (SOM) in the saddle of the Ta- Ta-Chia district was used to estimate the boundary and transformation between forest, prairie and transitional zones. The abundant of □C in SOM in the past and present forest-prairie boundary was measured by isotopic mass spectroscopy and expressed as δ□C. The soil mineralogical compositions and soil physical and chemical properties were also analyzed in the laboratory. The properties of soil tested indicated a highly leaching status and strong acid soil in the site. Soil mineralogical components include vermiculite, hydroxy-interlayered vermiculite, illite, kaolinite and small amounts of gibbsite. The δ□C of SOM in the surface soil indicated the balance in the transitional zone between forest and grass. The δ□C value in the surface of grass was - 19.4 0/00, however with increasing, in depth of the grassland, the δ□C value of SOM decreased to -24.0 0/00. On the other hand, the δ□C value in the surface SOM of forest was -27.1 0/00 and increased to -24.0 0/00 with increasing the depth. The δ□C value in the surface SOM of transitional profile shows- 24.0 0/00 and increased to -21.5 0/00 in the subsurface and then, decreased with increasing the soil depth. The ecosystem change the priority of plant species. In the beginning forest (C□ plant) is a priority species in the transitional zone then, grass (C□ plant) invaded in the site. Forest reoccupied the study area after degradation of grass. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。