頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 幾丁聚酸水解物之連續式生產及其抑菌作用=Continuous Production and Microbial Inhibition of Hydrolyzed Chitosans |
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作 者 | 阮進惠; 林翰良; 羅淑珍; | 書刊名 | 中國農業化學會誌 |
卷 期 | 35:6 1997.12[民86.12] |
頁 次 | 頁596-611 |
分類號 | 361.1925 |
關鍵詞 | 幾丁聚醣; 水解程度; 幾丁質固定化幾丁聚酸酶; 連續式生產; 幾丁寡醣; 抑菌作用; Chitosan; Degree of hydrolysis; Chitin-immobilized chitosanase; Continuous hydrolyzation; Chitooligosaccharides; Microbial inhibition; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究利用幾丁質固定化幾丁聚醣�t( chitin-immobilized chitosanase )進 行連續式高去乙醯度幾丁聚醣之水解, 並探討其水解條件及水解程度為 0 (即幾丁聚醣) 、5、10、20 及 30 %之水解物中所含幾丁寡醣之類型和作用。 結果顯示,將 0.5 %幾丁 聚醣(去乙�s度 89 %)溶液以流速 10 mL/hr 通過含 2 g ( dw )固定化酵素之玻璃圓 柱形反應器,於 30 ℃下反應為最佳之生產條件。各種水解液中之幾丁單醣( glucosamine )含量之變化不明顯,但隨著水解程度之增加,則幾丁二醣( chitobiose )增加,幾丁三 醣( chitotriose )稍許增加而幾丁四醣( chitotetrose )及五醣( chitopentose ) 則減少,尤其是 30 %水解程度者未發現含有幾丁五醣。在抑菌方面,對十株供試細菌( 5 株 G +菌: Bacillus cereus, Lactobacillus brevis, Leuconostoc mesenteroids, Microscoccus varians, Staphylococcus aureus; 及 5 株 G- 菌: Acinetobacter sp., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Serratia liquefaciens )而言, 以 5 %水解程度者抑菌效果較佳,其次為 0、10、20 及 30 %水 解程度者。這些幾可聚醣產品之添加濃度愈高其抑菌性愈好,其中 0 或 5 %水解程度者, 在添加濃度達 50-250 ppm 時可達完全抑菌效果, 其餘水解物之抑菌濃度因菌種而異, 自 50-300 ppm 不等。此外,幾丁聚醣產品對 G +菌之抑菌效果較 G- 菌為佳。對五株酵母菌 ( Candida albicans, C. versatilies, Rhodotorula glurinis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 及 Trichosporon pullulans )而言,以幾可聚醣抑菌效果較佳, 其次為 5、 10、20 及 30 %水解程度者。 其添加濃度愈高,抑菌效果愈好,而抑菌濃度亦因菌種不同 而異,自 50-3000 ppm 不等。黴菌方面,幾可聚醣產品對 Aspergillus niger 抑菌效果不 佳,分別添加 0、5、10 及 20 %水解程度者, 至 5000 ppm 時,其抑菌程度分別為 33、 34、30 及 14 %,而添加 30 %水解者則有助於此菌之生長。 對 Mucor mucedo 而言,添 加 0、5、10、20 及 30 %水解程度者, 至 3000 ppm 時,其抑菌程度分別為 55、75、73 、 71 及 67 %。 而對 Rhizopus stolonifer 添加 0、5、 10 及 20 %水解程度者, 至 3000 ppm 濃度時,其抑菌程度大於 95 %, 但添加相同濃度之 30 %水解程度者,其抑菌 程度只有 75 %。 |
英文摘要 | High deacetylated chitosan was continuously hydrolyzed by chitin-immobilized chitosanase into hydrolysates of 0, 5, 10, 20 and 30% hydrolyzing degrees. The optimum production, the types of chitooligosaccharides and the microbial inhibition of the hydrolysates were investigated. The results showed that 0.5% chitosan (89% deacetylated degree) solution fed into a glass column reactor containing 2 g (dw) of chitin-immobilized chitosanase at a rate of 10 mL/hr under a temperature of 30 ℃ gave the optimum production. A higher degree of hydrolyation gave a higher amount of chitobiose but lower amount of chitotetraose and chitopentaose while chitotriose amount increased not much and glucosamine amount did not change during the hydrolyzation. As to microbial inhibition of the chitosan on pure cultures of bacteria (G+: Bacillus cereus, Lactobacillus brevis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Micrococcus varians and Staphylococcus aureus; G-: Acinetobacter sp., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium and Serratia liquefaciens), hydrolysate of 5% hydrolyzing degree showed an inhibition stronger than others of 0, 10, 20 and 30% hydrolyzing degrees, orderly, at the same treated concentration. A higher treated concentration of chitosan products resulted in a stronger inhibition. Treatment at a level of 50-250 ppm of chitosan or chitosan hydrolysate of 5% hydrolyzing dergree resulted in complete inhibition in all the bacterial pure cultures. Other chitosan hydrolysates also showed the same effect in a range of 50-3000 ppm. G-species were inhibited less than G+ species. As to yeast inhibition, the treatment carried out at higher concentection of chitosan products of lower hydrolyzing degree at higher concentection resulted in stronger inhibition in five species of yeasts (Candida albicans, C. versatiles, Rhodotorula glutinis, Saccharomyces cere-visiae and Trichosporon pullulans.). Lethal dosage of chitosan products caused complete inhibition in a range of 50-3000 ppm depending on the yeast species. As to mold inhibition, with regard to Aspergillus niger, chitosan products showed weak inhibition. A treatment up to 5000 ppm of chitosan hydrolysates of 0, 5, 10 and 20% hydrolyzing degrees resulted in fungal inhibition of 33, 34, 30 and 14%, respectively, while the treatment with chitosan hydrolysate of 30% hydrolyzing degrees resulted in an increasing of the mold growth. For Mucor mucedo, treatment with up to 3000 ppm of chitosan hydrolysates of 0, 5, 10, 20 and 30% of hydrolyzing drgrees resulted in fungal inhibition of 55, 75, 73, 71 and 67%, respectively. For Rhizopus stolomifer, treatment with up to 3000 ppm of chitosan hydrolysates of 0, 5, 10 and 20% hydrolyzing degrees resulted in over 95% fungal inhibition while chitosan hydrolysate of 30% hydrolyzing degree resulted in a fungal inhibition of 75% under the same treatment concentration. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。