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題 名 | 鉛污染土壤中鉛濃度與作物生長之關係=Relationships between Concentration of Lead and Crop Growth in Soils Contaminated with Lead |
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作 者 | 李艷琪; 王銀波; | 書刊名 | 中華生質能源學會會誌 |
卷 期 | 16:1/2 民86.06 |
頁 次 | 頁19-30 |
分類號 | 434.22 |
關鍵詞 | 鉛; 土類; 青江白菜; 水稻; 臨界濃度; 累積轉移; Lead; Soil group; Cabbage; Rice; Critical concentration; Accumulation and translocation; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 選取紅壤,砂頁岩酸性沖積土,黏板岩鹼性沖積土,砂頁岩鹼性沖積土,臺灣黏土 ,黏板岩酸性沖積土及片岩沖積土等,七類臺灣分佈面積較廣的農耕土壤,進行土壤中鉛對 蔬菜和水稻生長的研究,以探討鉛在不同土壤中對作物的臨界毒害濃度及其在植體中累積轉 移的情形。七種供試土壤各添加 50、150、450 和 1350 mg Pb/kg,並設不加鉛為對照組, 四重複,依序盆栽青江白菜和水稻。結果顯示青江白菜乾物產量除粘板岩鹼性沖積土受鉛的 影響較小外,其餘均隨鉛添加量之增加而產量遞減。受鉛影響最大者為砂頁岩酸性沖積土和 紅壤,次為片岩沖積土。 產量減少 10 %時,土壤鉛濃度 (0.1M HC1 萃取的酸可溶性鉛量 ) 依土類而異,自 105 ∼ 2080 mg Pb/kg。 水稻受土壤鉛含量的影響較小,稻穀產量亦隨 鉛添加量之增加而遞減,其中以粘板岩和砂頁岩鹼性沖積土之稻穀產量受鉛影響較大。稻穀 產量減少 10 %時,土壤鉛濃度 (0.1M HC1 之萃取量 ), 除砂頁岩沖積土無法計算外,其 餘自 210 ∼ 20220 mg Pb/kg。青江白菜莖葉中的鉛含量因土壤性質不同而異,但多隨土壤 鉛添加量之增加而增加,尤其以酸性土壤增加葉菜類莖葉吸收的鉛量最多,對生物的毒害較 大。水稻植物體內各部分鉛含量之大小順序為稻根>>莖葉>稻穀>糙米、白米。鉛在水稻 植體內的移動很慢,大多累積在根部,移動到莖葉的部分很少,稻根及莖葉中的鉛含量受土 壤性質的影響較大,以酸性土壤吸收的較多;但稻穀的鉛含量很少,對生物的毒害較小,且 較不受土壤性質之影響。 |
英文摘要 | A study for the effect of contaminated soil Pb on growth of vegetable and rice was conducted in 7 major groups of agricultual soil in Taiwan, i.e. latosol, acidic alluvial soils of sandstone and shale, alkline alluvial soils of slate, alkaline alluvial soils of sandstone and shale, Taiwan clay, acidic alluvial soils of slate and schist alluvial soils. Attempts were to determine the critical toxic concentration of soil Pb level and to investigate its accumulation and translocation within crops. Cabbage and rice were grown in pots with 7 soil groups of soil. With 4 replications, treatments involved 5 rates of Pb applied were 0, 50, 150, 450 and 1350 mg Pb/kg, respectively. Cabbage yield (dry weight) was observed in this study to decrease with increasing Pb added, except grown in alkaline alluvial soils of slate. Both latosol and acdic alluvial soils of sandstone and shale were most susceptible to the detrimental effect of contaminated soil Pb, and schist alluvial soils the next. Ten percentage reduced yield for cabbage was often induced, when soil Pb content (extracted with 0.1M HC1) fell in the extent of 105 to 2080 mg Pb/kg for 7 soil groups. As to rice, less effected by soil Pb, grain yield also decreased with increasing Pb added. Among all soil groups tested, adverse effects of soil Pb on grain yield were more obvious for alkaline alluvial soils of slate and sandstone and shale. Ten percentage reduced grain yield was induced, when soil Pb content fell in the extent of 210 to 20220 mg Pb/kg for 7 soil groups of soil (alkaline alluvial soils of sandstone and shale excluded for unable estimation). Lead content within cabbage (stem and leaf) was influenced by soil properties and there was an increase of Pb uptake with increasing Pb applied. Acidic soil promoted the uptake of Pb for cabbage. Hence, vegetable leaf (edible part) containing more Pb level contributes most to the biotoxicity induced by Pb in contaminated soil. The lead content in rice were in the order as root >> stem and leaf > hull > grain (polished and brown rice). Partition and movement of lead within rice was less and slow and its accumulation dominated in root. There is a similar trend for acdic soil to promote the uptake of Pb for rice. However, grain containing much less Pb than other rice parts, its uptake of Pb was less affected by soil properties and less harmful or toxic to consumers. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。