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- 臺灣市售防己、牛膝類藥材及含其製劑之研究
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題名 | 臺灣市售防己、牛膝類藥材及含其製劑之研究=Studies on Fan-Chi and Niu-Chi Radix and Their Preparations |
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作者姓名(中文) | 張永勳; | 書刊名 | 中醫藥年報 |
卷期 | 15:2 1997.05[民86.05] |
頁次 | 頁476-624 |
分類號 | 414.3 |
關鍵詞 | 防己藥材; 牛膝類藥材; 中藥製劑; Fan-chi; Niu-chi; Commercial species; Microscopic examination; Chemical identification; Unification of the species used in prescription; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 近年來政府積極推行中藥GMP政策,以提高中藥及中藥製劑水準。然而有些中藥材 之基原頗為複雜,商品名稱及來源亦很混亂,且常有代用品或膺偽品充斥其間,因此有必要 對基原較複雜之藥材加以釐清。本研究就臺灣市售防己、牛膝類藥材及其製劑進行調查研究 。各類藥材作本草考察,收集臺灣市場品及臺灣同屬植物標本,進行形態學及顯微鑑別,並 就臺灣市售含防己、牛膝濃縮成方中所用防己及牛膝種類加以鑑別,進一步評估各種防己、 牛膝市場品之藥理活性,以作為品質鑑別之依據。實驗結果顯示,廣防己、木防己、粉防己 及青藤可由其顯微特徵加以區別;台灣市售含防己類成方濃縮中藥所用的大部分為廣防己, 僅兩家改用粉防己。鎮痛試驗中,以廣防己之鎮痛效果最好; 在大鼠足蹠試驗中,以粉防己 的抗浮腫效果最好; 在利尿試驗方面,各種防己對正常大鼠並無明顯的利尿效果。臨床上可 參考此結果,分別選用。臺灣市售之牛膝類藥材根據生藥組織鑑定得知,懷牛膝的基原為莧 科 (Amaranthaceae) 植物牛膝 (Achyranthes bidentata Blume) 之乾燥根; 川牛膝的基原 應為莧科植物川牛膝 (Cyathula officinalis Kuan) 之乾燥根, 然而臺灣中藥店使用量最 大,市售稱川牛膝的藥材,經由生藥組織鑑定證明,並非大陸藥典所記載之川牛膝,而是爵 床科 (Acanthaceae) 腺毛馬藍 (Strobilanthes forrestii Diels) 之乾燥根及根莖,又稱 為味牛膝,大陸上鮮少使用; 而臺灣市面上極少使用, 市售稱杜牛膝者, 基原才是川牛藤 (Cyathula officinalis Kuan) 之乾燥根。在一般中藥房所買到的牛膝大部分為味牛膝,市 售濃縮成方製劑中所用的牛膝種類以化學鑑別的結果顯示,絕大部分也用味牛膝,應加以改 正。本研究以比較生藥學之方法,綜合利用形態鑑別法、顯微鑑別、化學鑑別及藥理活性評 估,對市售防己及牛膝類藥材做合理評估。 |
英文摘要 | In recent years, the Chinese Government implemented GMP policies to elevate thequality standard of the Chinese crude drug preparations. However, the names and origins of some crude drugs are confusing. Substitution and adulteration are very common. Therefore, it is essential to clarify the origins of those confused drugs. This study investigated Fang-Chi and Niu- Chi Radix and the preparations containing those two herbs. Pentsaological survey of the two herbs, collection of commercially available samples and native species of Fang-Chi and Niu -Chi, microscopic examination of the specimen, identification of specific species used in extracted preparations, and pharm- acologicalactivities of those species were performed. Four species of Fan-Chi, namely, Kwang-Fan-Chi, Mu-Fan-Chi, Fen-Fan-Chi and Ching-Teng can be distinguished microscopically. The Fang-Chi used in most extracted preparations was Kwang-Fan-Chi. Two companies had switched to Fen-fan-Chi recently. Kwang -Fan-Chi showed significant analgesic effect whilst fen-fan-Chi showed antiinflammatory effect. Neither species of Fang-Chi showed diuretic effect. Huai-Niu-Chi was identifies as Achyranthes bidentata, Chuan-Niu-Chi was identified as Cyathula officinalis. Both were from ~maranthaceae family. However, the Chuan-Niu-Chi sold in Taiwan was not Cyathula species. It was identified as Strobilanthes forrestii of Acanthaceae family. This species was not used in Mainland China. The Niu-Chi used in extracted preparations was found to be Stobilanthes species also. Misuse of Chuan-Niu-Chi should be corrected to assure the clinical efficacy. This study utilize comparative pharmacognosy method which combine morphological identification, microscopical method, chemical method and pharmacological methods to evaluate the quality of Fan-Chi and Niu-Chi. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。