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題 名 | 施用豬糞堆肥對水田土壤銨離子轉換之影響=Effects of Applying Hog Manure on Transformation of Ammonium in Paddy Soils |
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作 者 | 莊作權; 鄭宏寬; 陳鴻基; | 書刊名 | 農林學報 |
卷 期 | 45:4 1996.12[民85.12] |
頁 次 | 頁77-95 |
分類號 | 434.223 |
關鍵詞 | 豬糞堆肥; 水田; 土壤; 銨離子; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 臺灣地處亞熱帶地區,夏季高溫多雨的氣候造成土壤之氮素潛在肥力一般都較低 落,尤其是在水田土壤。為求能夠減輕過量施用化肥對土壤環境的衝擊,以及維持土壤長期 地力及作物生產力,瞭解有機質肥料在水田土壤中的肥效則有其重要性。 本試驗選用兩種臺灣屬於較大面積而有代表性土類的土壤,分別是屬於砂頁岩老沖積土的大 里系(中興大學)與屬於粘板岩石灰性新沖積土的埤頭系(埤頭)分別進行試驗,探討豬糞 堆肥處理對水稻田土壤中有效性氮、交換性銨和固定性銨間變化之影響,以及此種變化關係 在不同土類土壤間的差異性。 試驗結果顯示不同肥料處理對二種土壤所含有效性氮、交換性銨與固定性銨量增加的效果以 全量豬糞堆肥處理最顯著,其次是半量豬糞堆肥與半量化肥處理、全量化肥處理,不施肥處 理最低。肥料處理在二種不同土類土壤上顯現差異性,並且因二種土壤在理化性質及組成成 分含量上的不同,使土壤有效性氮、交換性銨與固定性銨量在水稻不同生長期中的變化以與 大土壤的變化較埤頭土壤的變化明顯,同時兩種土壤中的固定性銨量均有隨著水稻的生長逐 漸增加的趨勢,其中均以成熟期的固定量為最大,而且在銨離子的固定量上埤頭土壤要大於 興大土壤。興大土壤在水稻生長前期到生長旺盛期間對銨離子的固定較大,而埤頭土壤則在 生長旺盛期到成熟期間對銨離子的固定較大。 |
英文摘要 | Taiwan is located at the sub-tropic zone. The potential nitrogen fertility in the paddy soil is universally depressed as resulted from the high temperature and rainy climate in summer. In order to moderate the impact in soil environment caused by over applying chemical fertilizers and maintain long-time fertility and crop production, it is important to elucidate the effects of organic matter fertilizer in the paddy soil. Two representative soils in Taiwan were used for the experiments. They are grouped to Sandstone-Shale Older Alluvial Soils (TTr) (Chung-Hsing Uni.) and Slate Calcareous Recent Alluvial Soils (Pt) (Pi-Tou). The object of this study was to investigate the effects of hog manure treatment on changes of available N, exchangeable NH ����, and fixed NH ���� in the paddy soils, and compared the results of different fertilizer treatments under different soil physicalchemical properties. The results showed that amounts of available N, exchangeable NH ����, and fixed NH ���� increased effectively in the hog manure treatment, following by the half hog manure and half chemical fertilizer treatment and the chemical fertilizer treatment, and the non-fertilizer treatment was the lowest. There were some differences between Chung-Hsing and Pi-Tou soils treated with different fertilizers. The results showed that Chung-Hsing soil was more significant difference among treatments than Pi-Tou soil in available N, exchangeable NH �� �� and fixed NH ���� during the growth of rice. The amounts of fixed NH ���� were simultaneously increasing with the growing stages of rice, and the fixed NH ���� of mature stage were largest in two soils, and the more fixed NH ���� found in Pi-Tou soil than in Chung-Hsing soil. The ammonium fixation reached to high amount from earlier stage to vigorous growing stage of rice in Chung-Hsing soil, while the ammonium fixation were higher from vigorous growing stage to mature stage of rice in Pi-Tou soil. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。