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題 名 | 氮與鉀肥用量對半矮性狼尾草產量、化學成分及土壤肥力之影響=Effects of Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilizers on Forage Yield and Chemical Content and Soil Fertility of Semi-Dwarf Napiergrass |
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作 者 | 洪國源; 許福星; 盧啟信; | 書刊名 | 畜產研究 |
卷 期 | 29:3 1996.09[民85.09] |
頁 次 | 頁245-256 |
分類號 | 434.4 |
關鍵詞 | 半矮性狼尾草; 肥料; 產量; 品質; 土壤肥力; 回收率; Semi-dwarf napiergrass; Fertilizer; Forage yield; Forage quality; Soil fertility; Recovery percentage; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 狼尾草經雜交改良後,由於不同株高類型,可分為高大型(250cm以上)、半矮性(150~250cm)、矮性(100~150cm)及極矮性(100cm以下)等四型,今欲瞭解新育成半矮性品系7418之適當氮及鉀肥需要量。以每年每公頃施氮素690、920及1,150kg等三種處理,及氧化鉀300、450及600kg等三種處理,採裂區設計,以氮肥為主區,鉀肥為副區,重複4次,且每小區年施磷酐144kg/ha進行本試驗。 每年施用N 920~1,150kg/ha及K2O 300~600kg/ha範圍,其各處理間對半矮性狼尾草株高、葉數、分蘗、葉/莖比、葉長、葉寬、單株葉面積、葉片伸長速率、葉面積延展速率及比葉重等農藝性狀及乾物產量等均無顯著差異,甚至對植體中氮、磷、鉀、鈣等元素含量皆沒有顯著影響;平均收割時之最後葉領高87cm、葉尖高198cm,每叢分蘗數18.6支,葉/莖比0.77,每年鮮草產量288mt/ha及乾重35.7mt/ha,粗蛋白質含量10.4%。 半矮性狼尾草植體氮與鉀肥之回收率,皆依其施用量之增加而顯著降低;試驗結束後土壤中有效性鉀含量隨著施氮量之增加而顯著減少,並隨著施鉀量之增加而顯著提高,但各處理殘留量均比種植前低。增施鉀肥會提高植體中K/(Ca+Mg)的比值。因此,建議半矮性狼尾草每年施N 690~920 kg/ha及K2O 300kg/ha以下,較合乎經濟效益。 |
英文摘要 | Napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum) had four plant types, i.e., tall type (above 250 cm), semi-dwarf type (150~250cm), dwarf type (100~150cm) and special dwarf type (under 100cm). The objectives of the experiment were to determine the optimum amounts of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers required for semi-dwarf napiergrass strain 7418. Three levels of nitrogen fertilizer, 690, 920 and 1,150 kg/ha and 3 levels of K2O, 300, 450 and 600kg/ha were used. Split plot design with N as main plot and K2O as subplot and 4 replications was used. Each plot was applied with P2O5 144 kg/ha. No significant effects were observed on plant height, leaf number, tiller number, leaf/stem ratio, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, leaf elongation rate, leaf area expansion rate, specific leaf weight and dry matter yield after applying with N 920~1,150kg/ha and K2O 300~600 kg/ha. The contents of N, P, K and Ca in plants were also not affected by different levels of fertilizers applied. The heights of the toppest leaf collar and leaf tip were 87 and 198cm, respectively. The tiller numbers were 18.6 tillers per clone and leaf/stem ratio was 0.77. Fresh forage and dry matter yields were 288 and 35.7mt/ha, respectively, with crude protein content 10.4%. Both recovery percentages of nitrogen and potassium for semi-dwarf napiergrass were decreased with increasing levels of fertilizers applied. The contents of available potassium in soil at the end of the trial were significantly decreased with N applied increased, and significantly increased with K2O applied increased. Further, the contents of available potassium in soil were lower than those before trial. The ratio of K/(Ca+Mg) in plants was enhanced with increasing level of K2O applied. It was suggested that N 690~920 kg/ha and K2O less than 300 kg/ha applied were optimum for the growth of semi-dwarf napiergrass. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。