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題名 | Preliminary Study of Quaternary Stratigraphy and Palynology in the Yangtze Delta, Eastern China=中國東部長江三角洲之第四紀地層學及花粉學之初步研究 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 陳中原; 陳明德; | 書刊名 | 中國地質學會會刊 |
卷期 | 39:1 1996.01[民85.01] |
頁次 | 頁59-72 |
分類號 | 359.26 |
關鍵詞 | 花粉學; 古氣候; 第四紀; 長江三角洲; Palynology; Paleoclimate; Quaternary; Yangtze delta; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 本研究根據一採於長江流域南方堤岸的岩心(CH-1)樣品之岩石學、化石植物╱ 動物群、與古地磁學之分析,進行本區域之第四紀地層學及花粉學研究。研究重點包括下 列四個方向;l)四個第四紀地層岩段:早更新世(Q1)、中更新世(Q2)、晚更新世 (Q3)、與全新世(Q4);2)六個河流至海相的主要沈積循環與一個三角洲層序;3) 六個不同的岩相;及4)六個花粉植物群變化帶與八個組合帶。 從岩心底部往上,岩相變化大致上為河流、湖泊、海岸、沈溺河道、淺海、及三角洲沈積 環境之層序演變。陸地岩相盛行於Q1和Q2;海岸到沈溺河道環境則週期性的出現於Q1、 Q2、和Q3:淺海和三角洲環境主要出現於Q3及Q4。本沈積層序研究顯示本區域有四個明 顯的由非海相地層區隔之海進事件。 本研究亦鑑別出六個花粉植物化石群變化帶與八個組合帶,代表本區域之一序列的冷暖期 之古氣候變化。花粉記錄顯示本區域之古氣候在第四紀早期偏冷,然後隨著時間進入全新 世,氣候開始有週期性的冷暖變化。花粉化石組合記錄了兩個極端的第四紀氣候狀況:一 為於晚更新世之最冷期(第四個花粉化石組合帶);二為於中全新世之最暖期(第六個花 粉化石組合帶)。大致而言,在 Q2、Q3、及Q4氣候之轉暖的時間均與海進時間相吻合。 然而地區性的地形變化,可能會模糊了這種氣候冷暖與海水面昇降的關係。 |
英文摘要 | Based on a series of core sample analyses of petrology, lithology, fossil/flora, and paleomagnetism on a long sediment borehole Ch-1, located on the southern bank of the southern Yangtze distributary, research on Quaternary stratigraphy and palynology of the study area was carried out to focus on the aspects of 1) four subdivisions of stratigraphic sections: the Early (Q1), Middle (Q2), Late Pleistocene (Q3), and the Holocene (Q4); 2) six major fluvial to marine cyclicities and one delta sequence; 3) six differentiated lithofacies; and 4) six zonations and eight assemblages of pollen spores. From the core bottom upward, the lithofacies are generally in turn the fluvial, lacustrine, coastal, drowned river channel, shallow marine and delta. Terrigenous lithofacies prevailed during the Q1 and Q2; coastal to drowned river channels occurred periodically during the Q1, Q2 and Q3; and shallow marine and delta dominated the Q3 and Q4, respectively. Thus, four transgressions separated by non-marine-influenced terrigenous sediments were revealed in the Quaternary sediment sequences of the study area. Six zonations and eight pollen spore assemblages have been recognized from different Quaternary sections, indicating a series of cold and warm stages and paleoclimatic changes. The paleoclimate at the beginning of the Quaternary was cold and then periodically changed with warm and cold stages, as time progressed into the Holocene. Two paleoclimate extremes were recorded by distinct presences of pollen spores during the Quaternary: Assemblage IV demonstrates the coldest weather of the latest period of the Late Pleistocene, while Assemblage VI, the hottest climate of the mid-Holocene. In most cases, the paleoclimate and eustatic records in the Q2, Q3 and Q4 show that transgression events occurred contemporaneously with climate warming. Regional topographic variations, however, may have obscured the relationship between the paleoclimate fluctuations and the eustatic sea-level changes. |
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