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題名 | 唐菖蒲肥培管理(2)--尿素、過磷酸鈣、氯化鉀及堆肥對冬作唐菖蒲養份吸收的影響= |
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作者 | 黃裕銘; 王銀波; |
期刊 | 農林學報 |
出版日期 | 19930600 |
卷期 | 42:2 1993.06[民82.06] |
頁次 | 頁57-66 |
分類號 | 435.452 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 氮; 磷; 鉀; 鈣; 鎂; 養份吸收; Gladiolus; Compost; N; P; Ca; Mg; K; |
中文摘要 | 唐菖蒲是本省內外銷之主要切花之一,有必要了解施肥對唐菖蒲受分吸 收之影響。本實驗選用農民常栽植之一的瑪加琍品種(3號球),1991年11月以盆栽 (直徑16公分。高19.5公分)加入不同比率之氮(N)、磷(P��0��)、及鉀(K��0)肥 (1:1:1,1:2:1,2:1:1,2:2:1.或堆肥(OM),有些堆肥處理並調整磷之比率和氮相等 (1:1:1+OM+P,OM,OM十P,3OM及30M十P),加上不施肥料之對照組共10個處理。 每處理四重複,擺置於二樓頂。每一肥料單位表示每盆施用N或P�皋�ㄘ咢�烙 為1公克(g/pot)。 結果顯示施肥可提高唐菖蒲植體(莖葉、種球)之養分含量及吸收量。植體氮、鉀 及鎂含量隨唐菖蒲之株齡增加而下降,鈣則反之,而磷則變化不大。在切花期植 體各穗養分總吸收量都已達80以上。 切花期後莖葉及舊種球之養分有轉向新種球之勢,尤其舊種球且以生育良好之處 理(1:1:1及1:2:1)更明顯。新種球養分之累積在切花期前後各約聚集一半。施堆肥 處理因肥料中含鎂及鉀含量比率偏高,至植體鎂和鉀吸收量偏高,鈣吸收量偏 低。在化學肥料四個處理中鉀吸收量低於氮吸收量,但堆肥處理則反之。磷肥之 施用對新種球中磷含量及吸收只可顯著的增加。在良好生育下唐菖蒲莖葉氮吸收 量和新球約相等而舊球約只佔10(即47:43:10)。缺氮時莖葉氮吸收量比率較高,氮 肥過量時,新種球氮吸收量比率較高。正常情況下磷在莖葉新種球和舊種球問的 分佈比率為46:36:18.而鉀為67:22: |
英文摘要 | Gladiolus has been the second largest crop in Taiwan's flower market. In order to havesteady flower quality, a scientific fertilization method should be introduced to farmers. A pot experiment with ten treatments was conducted on roof top in winter season. There was no any fertilizer applied in check treatment. Only chemical fertilizers were used in 1:1:1, 1:2:1, 2:1:1, and 2:2:1 treatments with the numbers representing the amounts of N, P�皋,and ko applied in g/pot. Chemical and compost fertilizers were used in 1:1:1+OM+P (2:2:2.88) treatment. Only compost was used in OM (1:0.74:1.44) and 30M (3:2.24:4.32) treatments. Compost and superphosphate were used in OM+P (1:1:1.44) and 30M+P (3:3:4.32) treatments.The fertilizers were urea, superphosphate, potassium chloride and compost (pig manure, N1.4, P 0.45, K 1.68, Ca 1.54, Mg 0.71). Two No. 3 corms (Valeria) planted per pot.Each treatment had 4 replications. Results showed that the contents of N, K, and Mg in gladiolus organs decreased withage; Ca increased with age: however, P had no significant changes. The uptakes of nutrientswere up to over 80 at the flower cutting period, but they were only half in new corms atthis time. This result may suggest that all the fertilizers should be applied before the flowercutting period. The contents of Mg and K in organs of compost applied treatments were higher thanthose of chemical fertilizers', but the content of Ca was the opposite. These performanceswere due to the high contents of Mg and K in compost. Part of the nutrients in shoots andold corms retransported to new corms after flower spikes were cut. The retransportation ofnutrients was more sinificant in good growth conditions such as 1:1:1 and 1:2:1 treatments.The amounts of K uptaken of compost applied treatments were higher than those of chemical fertilizers only treatments'. The effect of high addition rates of superphosphate was to raise the content of P in new coring. The distribution rates of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg among shoots, new corms, and old cormswere 47:43:10, 46:36:18, 67:22:11, 60:20:20, and 44:36:20, respectively: averaged from 1:1:1and 1:2:1 treatments (the best two treatments). |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。