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題名 | 優秀體操運動員心理特質與技術表現之研究 |
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作 者 | 張宏文; | 書刊名 | 中原學報 |
卷期 | 15 1986.12[民75.12] |
頁次 | 頁134-147 |
分類號 | 528.93 |
關鍵詞 | 心理特質; 技術表現; 運動員; 體操; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究係取優秀體操運動員(民國七十年國家代表隊成員,計有男子七人、女子六入)拾參人,及與其對照之一般學生壹佰貳拾人,施予基氏人格測驗。再以包含優秀體操運動員與初學者在內的伍拾貳人,實施藏圖測驗。並取優秀體操運動員在選拔與發表會兩次比賽之成績,作技術因素分析。 本研究之主要目的,在探討優秀體操運動員與一般學生在基氏人格測驗上之比較;以及國內從事體操訓練之運動員(包括初學者到國手程度者),在藏圖測驗上之比較;最後以民國七十年國家代表隊男、女代表在技術表現上作因素分析,以提供體操運動訓練指導上的參考。 全部資料以中原大學資訊系HP-3000電腦,這用BMDP程式處理,獲致如下的結論: 1.優秀男子體操運動員在感情變異性(C)(p<0.01)、神經質(N) (p<0.01) 及活動性(G)(p<0.01)之得分低於一般學生,而在安閒性(R) (p<0.05)之得分高於一般學生。 2.優秀女子體操運動員在抑鬱性(D) (p<0.05)之得分高於一般學生。 3.優秀男、女體操運動員在人格類型上,分屬A亞型及A準型。 4.體操運動員當中,男子年齡在十六至廿五、九歲,技術程度屬國手級及中級者;女子年齡在十五、九歲以下,技術程度屬國手級及中級者,其獨立性較其他年齡與技術程度者強烈。 5.優秀男、女體操運動員在前、後兩次比賽之成績表現,沒有顯著性的差異。 6.男子項目中,地板與鞍馬(α=0.01)、地板與雙槓(α=0.01)、跳馬與吊環(α=0.01)、跳馬與鞍馬(α=0.05)、跳馬與雙槓(α=0.05)、吊環與鞍馬(α=0.05)、吊環與雙槓(α=0.05)、吊環與單槓(α=0.05)、鞍馬與雙槓(α=0.01)、鞍馬與學槓(α=0.01)、雙槓與單槓(α=0.05)有顯著的相關。 7.優秀男子體操運動員在各項目之技術因素分析,只發現一個因素系統存在。 8.優秀女子體操運動員在各項目之技術因素分析,發現兩個因素系統存在。 |
英文摘要 | This research aims at a contrastive analysis between the best-gifted gymnastic athletes (the members of national team in 1981 which included seven males and six females) and one hundred and twenty ordinary students. They are all given the Guilford Personality Inventory Test. Then, a group of fifty-two persons including talented gymnastic athletes and beginners are also given the hidden figures test. In the meantime, the scores obtained in selecting and demonstration competition by the athletes are put into analytic reference. The main purpose of this research is to explore the differences between best-gifted athletes and ordinary students in the Giluford Personality Inventory Test. Furthermore, it is a comparison between athletes engaged in gymnastic training (ranging from beginners to national representives) in the Hidden Figures Test. Lastly, a reference is made from the technical performance of the national team in 1981. All of the above data are processed with BMDP program of HP-3000 computer system at Chung Yuan University, the computer department. Conclusions are drawn as follows: 1.An average score obtained by superior male athletes in cyclic tendency (C) (p<0.01), nervousness (N) (p<0.01) and general activity (0) (p<0.01) is lower than that of the ordinary students, but with a higher score in rhathymia (R) (p<0.05). 2. An average score obtained by best-gifted female athletes in depression (D) (p<0.05) is higher than that of ordinary students. 3. The personality types of both male and female best-gifted gymnastic athletes belong to average (A')type and (A'')type. 4. Among the best-gifted athletes, male aged from 16 to 29, the technics performances belong to national grade or mid grade; female aged under 19,the technics performances belong to national grade or mid grade. Their independent characters are also more obvious than the other ages range. 5. Scores of the compititions between the former and the later make little differences between best-giftedgymnastic male and female athletes. 6. In the following items of male athlete, each pair have obvious correlation ship: floor exercise and pommel horse (α=0.01), floor exercise and parallel bar (α=0.01), vaulting horse and rings (α=0.01), vaulting. horse and pommel horse (α=0.05),vaulting horse and parallel bar (α=0.05), rings and pommel horse (α=0.05), rings and parallel bar (α=0.05), rings and harizontal bar (α=0.05), pommel horse and parallel bar (α=0.01), pommel horse and horizontal bar (α=0.01). parallel bar and horizontal bar (α=0.05). 7. Among the technical factors researches of superior male gymnastic athletes, there exists only one system. 8. Among the technical factors researches of superior female gynmastic athletes, there appear two systems. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。