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| 題 名 | 壽山國家自然公園臺灣獼猴緊迫因子分析並比較其他區域猴群之緊迫程度差異=Analysis of Stress Factors in Formosan Macaques: A Comparison between Shoushan and Other Populations |
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| 作 者 | 章愛梅; 陳婉真; 陳貞志; | 書刊名 | 國家公園學報 |
| 卷 期 | 34:2 2024.12[民113.12] |
| 頁 次 | 頁20-32 |
| 分類號 | 389.92 |
| 關鍵詞 | 壽山國家自然公園; 臺灣獼猴; 雙側對稱性脫毛; 緊迫荷爾蒙; Shoushan National Nature Park; Formosan macaques; Bilateral symmetrical alopecia; Stress hormone; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 壽山國家自然公園自開放後,民眾活動與野生動物棲息地呈現高度重疊 並對臺灣獼猴之族群及行為產生重大的影響,,自 102 年起,,壽山地區之臺灣獼猴出 現雙側對稱性脫毛的現象,,經研究確認個體之慢性緊迫為導致雙側對稱性脫毛的主 要原因, 造成獼猴緊迫的原因,,極有可能是因為高密度的獼猴數量以及個體間競爭 環境資源所導致, 為進一步評估壽山國家自然公園區域之臺灣獼猴緊迫程度以及其 分布並進一步探討可能影響緊迫之因素,,本研究採集壽山臺灣獼猴之新鮮排遺進行 緊迫荷爾蒙代謝物分析,,並進行此區域全年度之族群調查,,以進一步評估緊迫程度 與族群密度及植物生長季節之關係,,此外,,亦比較壽山及其他區域臺灣獼猴之緊迫 程度差異, 以多變數線性回歸模型分析相對族群密度以及季節因子與獼猴緊迫之關 係,,結果顯示於壽山國家自然公園範圍,,相對族群密度越高之區域以及於非植物生 長季期間,,獼猴緊迫程度相對較高,;此外,,壽山地區臺灣獼猴之緊迫程度亦顯著高 於其他低人為干擾區域之臺灣獼猴, 野生動物族群密度與緊迫程度之間的關係已有 許多相關研究證實其正相關性,,其代表當族群密度增加時,,個體間之競爭壓力亦增 加,,尤其在自然環境資源(如食物量)下降時,,更加劇個體之緊迫程度而導致疾病的 發生,,並增加族群之死亡率及降低出生率,,以及增加人畜共通疾病傳染的風險, 由 於壽山獼猴之高族群密度主要因人為活動(餵食)所導致,,且至今此餵食因素仍存在 於壽山,,除進一步嚴格管理人為餵食之外,,建議主管機關以人為介入方式控制特定 社群之生殖率,,其方式建議可採用近年發展之避孕疫苗以達到人為族群控制之效益。 |
| 英文摘要 | Since the establishment of Shoushan National Nature Park, human activities have significantly overlapped with the habitat of the Formosan macaques (Macaca cyclopis), exerting substantial influence on their populations and behaviors.From 2013 onwards, the Formosan macaques in the Shoushan area have exhibited bilateral symmetrical alopecia, a disease linked to chronic stress among individuals as confirmed by research. The primary drivers of this stress are likely the high population density of macaques and competitive interactions over environmental resources. In this study, fresh fecal samples were collected from the Formosan macaques in Shoushan National Nature Park to analyze the level of the macaques’ stress hormone metabolite and investigate potential influencing factors. In addition, a comprehensive year-round population survey was conducted to evaluate the relationship between stress levels and population density, as well as the seasonal variations in plant growth. The study compared stress levels among the Formosan macaque populations in Shoushan with those in other areas characterized by lower anthropogenic interference. Using a multivariate linear regression model, the study found that areas with higher macaque population densities within Shoushan National Nature Park, particularly during non-plant growth seasons, exhibited higher stress levels among the macaques. Additionally, stress levels among the Formosan macaques in Shoushan were significantly higher than in other areas with lower anthropogenic interference. Numerous studies have confirmed a positive correlation between wildlife population density and stress levels, indicating that as population density increases, so does competition among individuals, particularly when natural resources such as food decline. The exacerbated stress levels can potentially lead to disease outbreaks, increased mortality rates, reduced birth rates, and heightened risks of zoonotic disease transmission. Given that the high population density of the Formosan macaques in Shoushan is primarily attributed to human activities such as food provision, and considering that the food provision consistently exists, the study recommends strict management of anthropogenic feeding practices. It also suggests that authorities consider implementing contraception methods to control specific troop reproductive rates, leveraging recent developments in contraceptive vaccines for effective human-mediated population control. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。