頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 強烈寒流對桶柑及茂谷柑果實損害及貯藏性之影響=Effect of Cold Waves on Fruit Quality and Storability of Tankan and Murcott Tangor |
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作者 | 施伯明; | 書刊名 | 桃園區農業改良場研究彙報 |
卷期 | 82 2017.12[民106.12] |
頁次 | 頁27-42 |
分類號 | 435.33 |
關鍵詞 | 柑橘; 寒害; 貯藏; Citrus; Chilling injury; Storage; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 2016年1月強烈寒流打破許多低溫紀錄,臺灣北部中低海拔出現降霰甚至降雪,本研究調查該寒流對不同海拔高度果園桶柑(Citrus tankan Hayata)及茂谷柑(C. reticulate Blanco × C. sinensis Osbeck)果實損害情形及對貯藏性之影響。寒流期間新竹縣新埔鎮(24.83N, 121.06E;海拔高度80 m)最低溫度2.7℃,桶柑受害輕微;桃園市復興區(24.83N, 121.33E;海拔高度350 m)最低溫度-0.1℃,桶柑果實失重率、果皮失重率、果蒂脫落率、果皮凹陷軟化率及腐爛率等皆顯著高於新埔鎮,其受傷果實表皮凹陷軟化,呈現不規則起伏,多數表皮細胞、下皮細胞及薄壁組織細胞萎縮變形;茂谷柑果實受寒流影響小且果園間無顯著差異。通風貯藏2週後,復興區兩處桶柑果園之果皮凹陷軟化率分別為63.8%及55.0%,腐爛率分別為27.5%及22.5%,顯著高於新埔鎮,茂谷柑則皆劣化輕微;而5℃冷藏下桶柑及茂谷柑皆無果皮凹陷及腐爛。調查結果顯示,本次寒流對於桶柑傷害較大,茂谷柑較能忍受此狀況下低溫;而低溫貯藏可延緩果實傷害徵狀表現。 |
英文摘要 | In January 2016, a cold wave brought record cold temperatures and snowfall (snow or snow pellets ) to many low altitude regions of northern Taiwan. This study aimed to investigate the injury of the cold wave on tankan tangor (Citrus tankan Hayata) and Murcott tangor (C. reticulate Blanco × C. sinensis Osbeck) fruit and the effect on storability among orchards from different altitudes. The lowest temperature in Xinpu Township, Hsinchu County (24.83N, 121.06E;80m alt.) was 2.7℃ during the cold wave, and tankan tangor fruit was slightly injured. The lowest temperature in Fuxing District, Taoyuan City (24.83N, 121.33E;350m alt.) was -0.1℃, and the weight loss of fruit and peel, button abscission rate, peel pitting and decay of tankan tangor fruit were all significantly higher than the fruit from Xinpu Township. The surface of damaged areas of affected fruit was characteristically sunken, and showed an undulating appearance in cross section. In the injured areas, the epidermal cells, hypodermal cells and parenchyma cells were collapsed. In contrast with tankan tangor, Murcott tangor fruit were slight affected by the cold wave and there was no significantly difference among orchards. After two weeks of ventilated common storage, peel pitting rate of two tankan tangor orchards in Fuxing District were 63.8% and 55.0%, respectively, and fruit decay rate were 27.5% and 22.5%, respectively, which were significantly higher than the fruit from Xinpu Township. By contrast, Murcott tangor fruit from both districts were all slightly injured. There were no pitting and decay both in tankan and Murcott tangor fruit when storaged at 5℃. The results indicated that the injury of the cold wave on tankan tangor was more severe than Murcott tangor fruit, suggesting that Murcott tangor was more tolerance than tankan tangor in such condition. In addition, the appearance of pitting and decay of injured fruit were delayed in low temperature storage. |
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