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題 名 | 臺灣3種原生木本植物種子的物理休眠:漆樹科木蠟樹、錦葵科繖楊與鼠李科亞洲濱棗=Physical Dormancy in Seeds of Three Native Woody Species in Taiwan: Rhus succedanea (Anacardiaceae), Thespesia populnea (Malvaceae), and Colubrina asiatica (Rhamnaceae) |
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作 者 | 黃舒瑜; 簡慶德; 王名偉; 黃玲瓏; 陳舜英; | 書刊名 | 臺灣林業科學 |
卷 期 | 32:1 2017.03[民106.03] |
頁 次 | 頁57-70 |
分類號 | 377.05 |
關鍵詞 | 物理休眠; 種子發芽; 鋸齒狀厚壁細胞; 水隙口; 水分吸收試驗; Physical dormancy; Seed germination; Serrulate sclereid; Water gap; Water uptake test; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 種子物理休眠係因有一不透水的種皮或果皮,磨破此硬種皮或果皮能促進種子發芽。本研究主要 是利用種子水分吸收試驗當作標準,確定種子是否有物理休眠,並使用種子染色追蹤和顯微鏡觀察, 證明種皮(果皮)存在水隙口構造和不透水層細胞。研究結果證實,漆樹科木蠟樹、錦葵科繖楊和鼠李 科亞洲濱棗種子都有物理的休眠。木蠟樹種子的水隙口位於珠孔端,狹窄線形,其內果皮是由桿狀厚 壁細胞、柵狀厚壁細胞和鋸齒狀厚壁細胞組成的不透水層,其中鋸齒狀厚壁細胞是首度被發現在植物 種子內。繖楊種子的水隙口位於種皮合點栓,圓環狀,水分從合點栓和種皮連接縫處進入,此種皮不 透水層是由柵狀厚壁細胞組成。亞洲濱棗種子的水隙口位於珠孔端,狹窄線形,其不透水層的種皮是 由柵狀厚壁細胞組成。磨破種皮(內果皮)水隙口部位是所有處理中能獲得最佳發芽率和發芽速率的方 法。熱水處理雖可提高種子發芽率,但最適水溫分別為木蠟樹70℃,繖楊和亞洲濱棗80℃。濃硫酸處 理解除木蠟樹種子的休眠,以90 min處理的發芽效果最佳。就新鮮種子最適合的發芽溫度而言,木蠟 樹是20/10和25/15℃,繖楊是30℃,亞洲濱棗則是30/20℃。 |
英文摘要 | Seeds with physical dormancy have a water-impermeable seed coat or fruit coat (endocarp), and thus scarifying the hard coat improves germination. The purpose of the present study was to use water uptake as a criterion to determine if the seed / fruit has physical dormancy, and to use dye-tracking to identify the water gap and impermeable layers of the seed/fruit coat in 3 species of woody plants native to Taiwan. The seed plus endocarp (hereafter referred to as the seed) of Rhus succedanea (Anacardiaceae), and seeds of Thespesia populnea (Malvaceae), and Colubrina asiatica (Rhamnaceae) exhibited physical dormancy. The water gap of R. succedanea seeds was located on the micropylar end of the seed and was a narrow-linear opening. The endocarp had 3 water-impermeable layers, with macrosclereids on the outside, palisade sclereid cells in the middle, and serrulate sclereids on the inside, the latter reported for the first time in plant seeds. The water gap of T. populnea seeds was located on the end opposite the micropyle and was a chalazal plug surrounded by a layer of palisade sclereid cells in the seed coat, and water passed through the slit between the plug and sclereid cells. The water gap of C. asiatica seeds was located on the micropylar end of the seed and was a narrow-linear opening, and the seed had a water-impermeable layer of palisade sclereid cells. High percentages of fresh seeds mechanically scarified at the water gap spot of the 3 species germinated. Immersion of seeds in hot water and allowing them to cool in the water also increased germination percentages, and the optimal water temperatures were 70℃ for seeds of R. succedanea and 80℃ for those of T. populnea and C. asiatica. Concentrated sulfuric acid broke dormancy in R. succedanea seeds, and the soaking time for the highest germination percentage was 90 min. The optimal temperatures for germination of R. succedanea seeds was 20/10 and 25/15℃, and those for T. populnea and C. asiatica seeds were 30℃ and 30 / 20℃, respectively. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。