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題名 | 從E化、M化、U化到?化:電子化政府科技變革樂觀論的反思=The Next Step after Electronic, Mobile and Ubiquitous? Reflections on E-Government's Technological Optimism |
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作者 | 陳敦源; | 書刊名 | 文官制度 |
卷期 | 8:4 2016.10[民105.10] |
頁次 | 頁1-19 |
分類號 | 572.92 |
關鍵詞 | 科技變革樂觀論; 資訊通訊科技; 電子化政府; 政府組織; 虛擬國家; Technological optimism; Information and communication technologies; ICTs; E-government; Government organization; Digital state; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 電子化政府是近年各國推動改革的各項政策中,少數能享受價值爭議少、好消息多,且民眾持續抱著正面期待的領域,這樣的政策特質也讓各國政府在這個場域中不斷投注心力,以滿足社會的期望;然而,這種夢幻式的變革環境,可能也反映人類社會普遍存在「科技變革樂觀論」的集體心理狀態,與各國政府推動電子化政策所產生行政改革的實際成效存在落差。 據此,本文主要的目的,是首先釐清前述「科技變革樂觀論」現象,以美國學者Fountain(2001)的科技制定模型(technology enactment model)為藍圖,討論可以帶來政府體制真正變革的電子化政府政策思維,提醒電子化政府的研究者與實務者,這個領域需要更適當的理論框架,來導引並落實虛擬國家的發展,不能單靠科技追新的衝動而已。 再者,本文站在臺灣電子化政府多年研究的基礎上,針對科技樂觀論下的電子化政府改革,提出五項問題進行反思,包括:一、政府電子化的需求面有確實顧及嗎?二、政府電子化變革的組織成本效益划算嗎?三、政府電子化人力資源管理與支援足夠嗎?四、政府建構虛擬國度相關的法令變革有跟上嗎?五、政府的資通科技推動方案都有完整的評估嗎? 最後,本文結合了「數位成熟度」的概念,提出臺灣電子化政府轉變政府結構與組織應當聚焦的三個關鍵:其一,數位時代政府流程改造必須納入數位知能;其二,流程的進化必須以服務對象為核心;其三,流程改造的推動策略必須與數位成熟度的轉換相結合,期待臺灣電子化政府的政策推動,在未來能夠真正創造出一個具有全觀式顧客導向治理、能發揮資料潛能的流程、以及主動積極的工作團隊的新世代政府組織。 |
英文摘要 | In most of the nations, e-government policy is one of the rare policy domains where there are few value conflicts but many positive reports as people have a high expectation of it. This almost dream-like environment has been driving government to invest more resources into e-government but also reveals a collective mentality of “Technological Optimism” where there might be gap between expectation and reality. The purpose of this paper is first to clarify the concept of technological optimism regarding e-government policy. Then, following a technology enactment model created by Jane E. Fountain to theoretically bridge the possible gap between the optimistic expectation and enacting reality, the author claims that those designing and implementing e-government policies should not focus only on pursuing new technologies. Secondly, the author is presenting five-point reflections for both researchers and practitioners in the e-government circle to increase the possibilities of technology-enacted changes. They are: (1) Is the e-government policy demand-driven? (2) Is the e-government policy cost-effective? (3) Is the support of human resources sufficient for the e-government transformation? (4) Are the e-government-related rules and regulations changed as well? (5) Is program evaluation of the e-government plan comprehensive? Lastly, the author is introducing a concept of “digital maturity” to make the final point that the digital reengineering in e-government policies should include three strategic focuses: (1) they should be incorporated with digital intelligence; (2) the reform progress should be centered upon the users; (3) changes should be effected in step with the degree of digital maturity in government organizations. Hopefully, the efforts of e-government policy can bring about an agency-wide change of governance by focusing on the customers, tapping into the potential of data, and arousing a passionate work spirit. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。