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題名 | 醫事放射師肌肉骨骼不適之人因分析=Ergonomics Analysis of Musculoskeletal Disorders among Medical Radiological Technologists |
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作者 | 徐世美; 盧俊銘; 陳宥竹; | 書刊名 | 中華放射線技術學雜誌 |
卷期 | 40:3 2016.09[民105.09] |
頁次 | 頁147-161 |
分類號 | 412.531 |
關鍵詞 | 肌肉骨骼傷害; NMQ問卷; 快速暴露檢核表; QEC; Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders; WMSDs; Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire; NMQ; Quick Exposure Check; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 工作引起肌肉骨骼傷害(work-related musculoskeletal disorders, WMSDs)是國際間常見職業性疾病之一。勞動部勞動及職業安全衛生研究所調查指出我國勞工的肌肉骨骼傷害案例主要集中上肢、肩頸及下背部,其引發與工作場所設計不良有高度相關性,普遍做法是以人因工程技術進行工作現場評估,多數相關研究主在科技產業或傳統製造業,而醫療產業之應用仍有限。故本研究鎖定醫事放射師的一般X 光攝影常規作業,透過人因工程手法調查肌肉骨骼不適傷害程度,依可能引發風險因子提出改善建議。本研究利用主觀北歐肌肉骨骼問卷調查表(Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire, NMQ)調查36 位醫事放射師在肌肉骨骼不適的盛行率,86.1%自覺身體某部位有不適狀況,以腰或下背部位(55.6%)、脖子(41.7%)、肩膀(27.8%)、手部與手腕(27.8%)比例居多。在性別、BMI 值、熬夜與吸菸習慣具有顯著影響。經實際觀察併使用快速暴露檢核表(quick exposure check, QEC)評估現場作業的風險因子暴露等級,在頸、手和手腕、肩和手臂、背部高達71.4%以上是存在「高」風險以上等級。主要引發肌肉骨骼不適潛在風險因子在於搬移病人、病人攝影部位擺位、定位X 光管球、單手放置及抽取X 光片匣併同時單手扶持病人、調整立式攝影台的影像偵測板或臥式攝影檯面位置、以及控制檯作業等重複性、過度施力與不當姿勢等任務,建議醫事放射師可在休息或工作時之空檔做些伸展動作外,應設法調整作業人力、改善工具與工作場所設計,以降低工作所引起肌肉骨骼不適風險。 |
英文摘要 | Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) are one of the most common occupational diseases among the world. According to the Institute of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health, Ministry of Labor of Taiwan, the WMSDs mainly occurred in the upper limbs, lower back, and neck and shoulders. Among them, the WMSDs associated with the upper limbs are mostly due to repetitive operations. It has been proven that WMSDs are highly related to the poor design of work station, and the improvements are usually adopted following ergonomic interventions. However, the majority of related studies focused on the issues in the high-tech industries, whereas applications in the medicine industry are quite limited. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the risk of WMSDs among medical radiological technologists in their operations, so as to apply ergonomic intervention strategies to improve the quality of work life. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) was be used to obtain the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders, a total of 36 responses were received (response rate 100%). The results indicated that 86.1% of the sample consciously felt Musculoskeletal discomfort, The most uncomfortable parts of the musculoskeletal system were the lower back (55.6%), neck (41.7%), shoulder (27.8%), hand and wrist (27.8%). The results of Chi-Square analysis showed that significant correlations existed between the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and the gender, BMI, stay-up and frequency of smoking. The results of the Quick Exposure Check (QEC) analysis revealed that back, neck, shoulders and arms (71.4% for extremely-high or high) required ergonomics intervention to reduce the exposure levels. The reason for musculoskeletal discomfort in radiological technologists were awkward working posture and repetitive work, including transferring patient, helping the patient get to the right position, adjusting the X-ray tube, carrying cassettes by one hand, lifting the patient and positioning cassette underneath him at the same time, adjusting the position of the radiography table or the Bucky stand, and console operating. The researchers strongly recommend that medical radiological technologists should have adequate rest before work, stretch now and then during work, regulate operation mode, and change the design of tools to reduce musculoskeletal disorders of the medical radiological technologists. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。