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題名 | 失能運動與帕拉林匹克運動會:國際組織發展趨勢之探討=Disabled Sports and the Paralympics: A Discussion on the Trend of International Organization Development |
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作者 | 許立宏; | 書刊名 | 國民體育季刊 |
卷期 | 42:3=175 2013.09[民102.09] |
頁次 | 頁10-21+104-105 |
專輯 | 失能者之身體活動 |
分類號 | 528.9831 |
關鍵詞 | 失能運動; 帕拉林匹克運動會; 失能者; 身體活動; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 自2009年臺北市成功舉辦聽障奧運會後,相信多少已喚醒臺灣人民對聽障運動比賽這一運動會的認識。就推動全民運動的觀點,我們當然也希望更多失能者能夠有更充分的機會參與運動,並從中得到更多身心及社交等各方面的益處,以提升生活品質。有關失能者運動比賽當然不只包括聽障奧運的部分,國際上尚有其他各種各樣的相關組織,甚至有一些是具有重疊性與複合性的相關國際組織,很容易造成讀者的混淆,如有特殊奧林匹克運動會、帕拉林匹克運動會與聽障奧運會,皆使用「lympic」(林匹克)為名,且很容易被誤以為這3個組織皆隸屬於國際奧會。目前這方面的組織介紹及分類方式在國內相關文獻中並不多見,且一般國人對失能者去參與體育運動的觀點往往有可能還是停留在從弱勢者或抱以同情角度,採取較被動而非融入式 (integration and inclusion) 的思維來運作相關教學與活動,或不太鼓勵失能者走入戶外休閒與運動比賽的場域中。因此,這些皆也有需要讓我們再加以探討與反思。 本文綜合一些國內外最近文獻,首先介紹失能身體活動發展的歷史背景,其次導入介紹幾個重要的國際性失能者運動組織成立的背景及主要任務,最後特別著重在失能者運動與帕拉林運動會(The Paralympic Games或俗稱殘障奧運會或帕奧) 所產生的一些最新相關議題(包括失能分類、融合課題及科技輔助等公平競爭的問題) 給讀者認識,也藉此反思與預測國際失能者運動政策未來發展的趨勢,讓關心失能運動發展的讀者或有關單位參考。21世紀提供了許多過去失能者不能想像的情境,我們也希望我國能培養更多專業人員來投入參與失能者運動組織與相關活動的推廣,幫助更多失能的年輕人在人生早期便可以藉由學習參與運動而帶給整體生命中的許多歡樂與益處。 |
英文摘要 | Since the successful hosting of the Taipei Deaflympics in 2009, a deeper understanding of genre of disabled sports such as the Deaflympics has been awaken with the citizens of Taipei City. From the perspective of advocating sports for all, surely we want more disabled people to fully participate in sports, receive emotional, physical and social benefits, and generally improve their quality of life. In fact, disabled sports include much more than just the Deaflympics, and there are various international organizations that handle such disabled sports; some may even have duplicity and similarity in functionalities, and are often the source of confusion for domestic readers. For instance, the Special Olympics, Paralympics and Deaflympics all use the suffix “lympic”, and may easily induce readers to believe that these organizations are under the jurisdiction of the International Olympic Committee. At this juncture in time, very few domestic literature introduces theses organizations and their pertinent categorization, and generally the public considers sports for the disabled through the lens of sympathy or exclusion, choosing to adopt a more passive and less “integration and inclusion” paradigm in pertinent teaching and activities, resulting in less encouragement for the disabled to travel outdoors to participate in leisure sports or competitive sports. These are some matters that require further discussion and elaboration. This article summarizes recent domestic and international literature. First, a historical background on the development of disabled sports is introduced. Next, background information of main international organizations for disabled sports and their responsibilities are provided. Lastly, the latest issues surrounding disabled sports and the Paralympic Games (Paralympics) are emphasized to the domestic readers, such as disability classification, integration topics, assistance of technology to aid fair competition, etc. These conclusions provide insights and predictions on the trend of policy development for disabled sports, and information for readers with interest in the development of disable sports. The 21st century provides numerous possible scenarios for the disabled, and we hope that Taiwan can nurture more professionals to devote to the advancement of disabled sports organizations and related activities, thereby giving more joy and benefits to young disabled people at the earliest possible stage through learning and participation in sports. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。