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題 名 | 不同國際組織與結盟下之碳排放交易成本有效性的檢視=Examination of the Cost Effectiveness of CO₂ Emission Trading under Different Organizations and Alliances |
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作 者 | 吳珮瑛; 林宗昱; 劉哲良; | 書刊名 | 經社法制論叢 |
卷 期 | 46 2010.07[民99.07] |
頁 次 | 頁41-84 |
分類號 | 445.9 |
關鍵詞 | 寇斯定理; 成本有效性; 邊際減量成本; 初始排放權分配; 方向產出距離函數; Coase theorem; Cost effectiveness; Marginal abatement cost; Initial endowment; Directional output distance function; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本文目的,首先建構一個 2010年的排放交易模擬情境,比較 25個歐盟國家 (EU) 及京都議定書附件 B國家之排放交易結果。至 2020年,則擴大納入國際合作暨發展組織會員國 (OECD)、東南亞國協 (ASEAN)、南美洲國家聯盟 (USAN) 與亞洲太平洋經濟合作會議 (APEC)等國家。最後至 2030年,107個國家均參與交易時,比較各種不同情境下,透過排放權交易機制之總減量成本與各國單獨直接減量之總經濟成本的差異,以印證排放權交易制度所能發揮之成本有效性。實證結果發現,各種交易情境皆顯示經濟發展程度愈高的國家,邊際減量成本愈大,且在交易市場上為買方。此外,不同情境的比較發現,經濟發展程度愈高的國家所組成之結盟團體,其交易價格愈高。最後,不論是何種情境,實行排放權交易制度所付出之減量總經濟成本均較直接減量需付出的總經濟成本來得低。且若該組織內各國的邊際減量成本相差愈大,則交易制度中成本有效性的優點將愈顯著。 |
英文摘要 | This study first creates an emission trading scenario for 2010, to compare the emissions trading performance of 25 EU and Kyoto Protocol Annex B countries. It then expands the scenario for 2020, to include OECD, ASEAN, USAN and APEC countries. Finally, for 2030, it compares the performance of 107 emissions-trading countries under various different scenarios, estimating the difference between the total reduction cost of emissions-trading systems and the total economic cost of each country's individual direct reduction, to assess the cost efficiency achievable by each system. The results show that, under all of the trading scenarios, countries with a higher level of economic development incur a higher marginal abatement cost, and that these countries are the buyers in the trading market. Also, comparison of the different scenarios reveals that alliances and groupings formed by more developed countries have higher trading prices. Moreover, under all of the scenarios alike, the total economic cost of reduction where an emissions trading system is implemented always falls below the total economic cost of direct reduction; and the greater the variation between the marginal abatement costs of the countries within an organization, the more evident will be the cost-efficiency advantage within the trading system. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。