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題 名 | Simulated Flood Frequency Response to Forest Cover Removal for an Upstream Watershed in Central Taiwan=模擬臺灣中部上游森林集水區林木移除後對不同回歸週期暴雨流量的影響 |
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作 者 | 陸象豫; 劉瓊霦; 黃良鑫; 王秋嫻; | 書刊名 | 臺灣林業科學 |
卷 期 | 25:2 2010.06[民99.06] |
頁 次 | 頁139-153 |
分類號 | 436.19 |
關鍵詞 | 森林砍伐效應; 頻率分析; 對數皮爾森第三型分佈; Forest harvest effects; PHIM; Frequency analysis; Log-Pearson type Ⅲ distribution; |
語 文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 森林砍伐後對集水區洪水水量的影響是相當具有爭論的課題,主要原因為缺乏森林對極端降雨事件所造成洪水改變的有效數據。極端降雨所造成洪水通常需借助於頻率分析,間接地推估不同回歸週期的洪水量。本研究將PHIM模式的UPLAND子模式修改後模擬蓮華池三號集水區森林移除後集水區流量的變化情形。由47年的降雨記錄所推估的結果顯示,台灣上游天然闊葉林小集水區的平均及最大日流量在林木砍伐後會有顯著的改變,且推估砍伐後的年平均流量增加約11.2%,並達到顯著水準,說明森林對集水區水量仍有所影響。頻率分析結果顯示,林木移除後,平均及最大日流量分別對小於5及2年回歸週期的洪水水量有顯著的差異,顯示對回歸期較大的洪水並未因森林砍伐而有顯著的水量改變,因而可推論森林對大洪水水量的影響相當有限。 |
英文摘要 | The effect of forest harvesting on flooding is a controversial subject. Determining such effects is constrained by the ability to directly measure how forest harvesting affects stormflow responses to extreme events. Stormflow caused by extreme rainfall or snowmelt events must be subjected to a frequency analysis to adequately describe them. In this study, the modified Peatland Hydrologic Impact Model (PHIM) was used to simulate forested and clearcut conditions in an upland firstorder watershed in central Taiwan. The results of simulations using 47 yr of precipitation records indicated that the overall daily average and maximum discharges were affected by clearing of upland forests in such watersheds; however, only the daily average discharge was significantly increased. In addition, the annual water yield increased by 11.2%, a difference that was statistically significant. Frequency analysis using the log-Pearson type Ⅲ distribution showed that quantiles of discharge for events of a small recurrence interval of approximately 5 and 2 yr after removal of the forest cover appeared to significantly differ from that of the original forested conditions for the daily average and maximum discharges, respectively. Since the frequency analysis showed only small differences in quantiles for before and after forest removal for events with a large recurrence interval, the effects of forest cover on large floods in central Taiwan are considered negligible. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。